弗兰克在濯足节这一天出庭辩护,就在莱比锡圣托马斯教堂例行演出《马太受难曲》的后一天。杜德在给远在美国的妻子写的信中说道,他原本以为弗兰克会“很难缠”,有鉴于他在波兰的“恶劣”记录,但结果并不怎么需要法官对他交叉询问。弗兰克实际上承认了他有罪,这是审判中极富戏剧性的时刻之一。
“他皈依为天主教徒了,”杜德写道,“我猜想也是如此。”64
弗兰克很平静。他已经尽了义务,走过一道道黑色大门时,心境是乐观的。法国、英国和美国的法官们一定会欣赏他的坦率。“上帝是一个慷慨的主人。”当吉尔伯特博士问到是什么让他选择了这个方向时,他这样回答。
弗兰克补充说,“最后一根稻草”是一篇新闻报道。
“前几天,我在报纸上看到一则告示,说慕尼黑的一名犹太律师、我父亲最好的朋友之一雅各比博士在奥斯维辛集中营被杀害了。然后,当赫斯证实他如何消灭了250万犹太人的时候,我意识到就是他冷酷地屠杀了我父亲最好的朋友——一个善良、正直、慈祥的老人——和数百万像他一样的无辜者,而我完全没有阻止它的发生!诚然,我并没有亲手杀死他,但我说过的话和罗森堡说过的话促成了那些事!”65
就像妻子布里吉特一样,他以坚信自己并没有亲手杀死任何人来安慰自己。也许这能拯救他。
注释1. Taylor, Anatomy of the Nuremberg Trials, p.132, p.165.
2. Ibid. , 143; Tusa and Tusa, Nuremberg Trial, p.p.109–110.
3. Trial of the Major War Criminals, 1: 1 (“Members and alternate members of the Tribunal”).
4. Francis Biddle, In Brief Authority (Doubleday, 1962; Praeger, 1976), p.381.
5. Ibid. , p.p.372–373.
6. Tusa and Tusa, Nuremberg Trial, 111; Guillaume Mouralis, introduction to Juge à Nuremberg, by Robert Falco (Arbre Bleu, 2012), 13 (at note 2), p.p.126–127.
7. Trial of the Major War Criminals, 2:30.
8. Ibid. , p.64.
9. Taylor, Anatomy of the Nuremberg Trials, p.132.
10. Trial of the Major War Criminals, 2:75.
11. Elihu Lauterpacht, Life of Hersch Lauterpacht, p.277.
12. Ibid.
13. Illustrated London News, Dec. 8, 1945.
14. Gustave Gilbert, Nuremberg Diary (New York: Farrar, Straus, 1947), p.42.
15. Martha Gellhorn, “The Paths of Glory,” in The Face of War (Atlantic Monthly Press, 1994), p.203.
16. Trial of the Major War Criminals, 2:97.
17. Ibid. , p.98.
18. Ibid. , p.99.
19. Ibid. , p.120.
20. Rudyard Kipling, “The Old Issue,” in Collected Poems of Rudyard Kipling (Wordsworth Poetry Library, 1994), p.p.307–309.
21. Elihu Lauterpacht, Life of Hersch Lauterpacht, p.277.
22. Ibid. , p.276.
23. 在文件里。
24. Hersch Lauterpacht, “Draft Nuremberg Speeches,” Cambridge Journal of International and Comparative Law 1, no. 1 (2012): p.p.48–49.
25. Elihu Lauterpacht, Life of Hersch Lauterpacht, p.276.
26. Ibid.
27. Ibid. , p.278.
28. Gilbert, Nuremberg Diary, 66; see also John J. Michalczyk, Filming the End of the Holocaust: Allied Documentaries, Nuremberg, and the Liberation of the Concentration Camps (Bloomsbury, 2014), p.96.
29. Janet Flanner, “Letter from Nuremberg,” New Yorker, Jan. 5, 1946, in Drutman, Janet Flanner’s World, p.p.46–48.
30. Janet Flanner, “Letter from Nuremberg,” New Yorker, Dec. 17, 1945, in Drutman, Janet Flanner’s World, p.99.
31. Ibid. , p.98.
32. Sir Hugh Dundas,生于1920年7月22日,卒于1995年7月10日。
33. Biddle, In Brief Authority.
34. Falco, Juge à Nuremberg.
35. David Low, “Low’s Nuremberg Sketchbook No. 3,” Evening Standard, Dec. 14, 1945, available at http://www.cartoons.ac.uk/record/LSE1319.
36. Trial of the Major War Criminals, 3:551.
37. Tusa and Tusa, Nuremberg Trial, p.294.
38. 1945年12月28日,多纳迪厄致莱姆金,美国犹太历史协会,莱姆金收藏,第1箱,第18册。
39. Law Reports of Trials of War Criminals, Selected and Prepared by the UN War Crimes Commission, vols. 7, 14, http://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/lawreportstrialswarcriminals.html.
40. Gilbert, Nuremberg Diary, p.22.
41. Taylor, Anatomy of the Nuremberg Trials, p.548.
42. Gilbert, Nuremberg Diary, p.p.81–82 (Dec. 22, 1945).
43. Ibid. , p.116 (Jan. 10, 1946).
44. Trial of the Major War Criminals, 8:322.
45. Ibid. , p.328.
46. Redzik, Stanislaw Starzynski, p.55.
47. Grossman, Road, p.174.
48. Flanner, “Letter from Nuremberg,” Dec. 17, 1945, 107.
49. Trial of the Major War Criminals, 11:553.
50. Ibid. , p.415.
51. Gilbert, Nuremberg Diary, p.259.
52. Trial of the Major War Criminals, 12:2–3.
53. Ibid. , p.p.7–8.
54. Ibid. , p.19, p.13.
55. Ibid.
56. Gilbert, Nuremberg Diary, p.277.
57. Ibid.
58. Ibid. , p.p.277–283.
59. Trial of the Major War Criminals, 12:14, 40.
60. Yves Beigbeder与作者的对话,2012年6月29日。
61. Yves Beigbeder, “Le procès de Nurembourg: Frank plaide coupable,” Réforme, May 25, 1946.
62. Hans Frank, International Penal Policy.
63. Falco, Juge à Nuremberg, p.42.
64. Christopher Dodd, Letters from Nuremberg: My Father’s Narrative of a Quest for Justice (Broadway Books 2008), p.289.
65. Gilbert, Nuremberg Diary, p.280.