(索引中的页码均为原书页码,即本书页边码)
abolition 废除,258—262; in Brazil 在巴西,123—124; in India 在印度,196; in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,81, 88, 94, 108—109, 112; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦,191; working for 为......工作,263—264 o 另见 freedom 自由
activism 行动主义,43, 148, 231, 247—248, 258—262 ; for children 为了 儿童 43, 78, 241 ; in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,82, 90, 109, 116, 120, 247—248, 254; in Thailand 在泰国,43, 78—79
Afghan workers, in Pakistan 阿富汗工人在巴基斯坦,164 —165
Africa 非洲,9, 12, 21—22; Afro-Mauritanians 非裔毛里塔尼亚人,91, 113, 116; persecution of 迫害,89—90, 93, 94
agriculture 农业:debt bondage and 债务质役和,9, 16, 17—18, 23; in India 在印度, 196—198, 201—202, 205—223; modernization and 现代化和,221—222, 232; in Pakistan在巴基斯坦154
AIDS/HIV 艾滋病 /HIV, 36, 49, 54—55, 59—60, 76
All-Pakistan Brick Kiln Owners' Association 全巴基斯坦砖窑主协会,162—163
Amazon 亚马孙,4, 30—31
American South 美国南部,222 ; India parallels to 印度与......类似,226 ; Mauritania
parallels to 毛里塔尼亚与......类似,113—114, 119; old slavery in 10奴隶制在,6,
10—11, 15—16, 24—25; segregation in 隔离在,6—7; slave codes in 奴隶规范在, 30
Amnesty International 大赦国际,247, 259, 260
ancient Egypt 古埃及,slavery in 奴隶制在,12, 197
ancient Greece 古希腊,slavery in 奴隶制在,12
Anderson, Bridget 安德森,布里奇特,27—28
Angelou, Maya 安杰卢,马娅,253
antiracist groups, British 英国反种族主义团体,248
Anti-Slavery Award 反奴隶制奖,254
Anti-Slavery International (ASI)反奴隶制国际,7, 28, 247—248, 253, 258—259; addresses for地址,263
antislavery organizations: in Mauritania 反奴隶制组织:在毛里塔尼亚,90, 102—103, 109, 116, 120, 247—248, 254O 另见 activism 行动 主义;Anti-Slavery International 反奴隶制国际;human rights人权
Antitrafficking Law (1928; Thailand)《反拐卖法》(1928 年;泰国),72
apartheid 种族隔离,248—249
Arabization, in Mauritania 阿拉伯化在毛里塔尼亚,93—94, 113
ASI.见 Anti-Slavery International 反奴隶制国际
Baldev and Markhi (India)巴尔德夫和马尔基(印度),205—211
Bandi village (India)班迪村(印度),204—221
Bangladesh, bonded labor in 孟加拉国,债务劳役,9
Barbarism, modem 野蛮,现代,233
BBC英国广播公司,144, 147
Bhutto Benazir布托•贝娜齐尔,191
Bilal, Mauritania 比拉尔,毛里塔尼亚,100一103
blood ties, Pakistan血缘联系,巴基斯坦,172
bondage 束缚:history of-.....的历史,197; length of 长度,15,19; types of, in India 类型,
在印度,198—199, 200
bonded labor 债务劳役,23, 33; in Bangladesh 在孟加拉国,9; in India 在印度,9, 16—18, 219—223, 266, 286—287nl; in Nepal 在尼泊尔,9; in Pakistan 在巴基 斯坦,9, 191, 230, 233, 266O 另见 debt bondage 债务质役
Bonded Labour Abolition Act (Pakistan)《废除债务劳役法》(巴基斯坦),191
Brazil 巴西,121—148; abolition 废除,123—124; charcoal making in 木炭制作在 4, 23, 125—134, 147, 242, 266, 285n5; economy 经 济,124—125; European settlement of 欧洲殖民,123; foreign debt and 外债和 124; government of 政府,125, 148; multinational corporations in 跨国公司在,125; new slavery in 新奴隶制在, 25, 31, 33, 232; old slavery in IH奴隶制在,24—25
bribery 贿赂,540 另见 corruption 腐败
brick kilns, in Pakistan 砖窑厂,巴基斯坦,152—154, 157, 161—164, 174
Brick Kiln Workers Union (Pakistan)砖窑工人联合会(巴基斯坦),163 brickmaking, in Pakistan 制砖,在巴基斯坦 149—154, 185—193, 266 Brickworkers Union (Pakistan)砖窑工联盟(巴基斯坦),187—192 Britain 英国:antiracist groups in 反种族主义团体,248; antislavery enforcement in 反奴
隶制 执法,123, 250—251 ; domestic slaves in 家 奴在,3, 26—28; Immigration Acts 移 居法令 28; nineteenth-century textile industry in 19 世 纪纺织 工业,235, 238 ; prostitution in 卖淫,22
Britain's Secret Slaves (Anderson)《英国的秘密奴隶》(安德森),27—28 brothels 妓院,5; income of-.....的收入,49, 54—57; in Thailand 在泰国,34—37,
40, 53—59, 73
Buddhism, in Thailand 佛教,在泰国,38—39, 62—63
Burma 缅甸,37, 247, 266; Thai prostitution and 泰国卖淫和 66—68; war slavery and 战争奴役和,21
business 商业:slavery and 奴隶制和,142—143, 147, 238—239, 243
Cabral, Pedro Alvares卡夫拉尔,佩德罗•阿尔瓦雷斯,123 CAFOD.见 Catholic Agency for Overseas Development 天主教海外发展救济会 Caldwell, Gillian考德威尔,吉利恩,251 capitalism 资本主义,13—14, 233 Caribbean 加勒比,3一4, 21, 25 caq)et industry, child slavery in 地毯工业,儿童奴役,238, 240—241 case studies 案例 研究,265—267 ; in Brazil(charcoal workers)在巴西(木炭工人),
127—128, 135—139; in Britain(Laxmi Swami)在英国(拉克希米•斯瓦米),27— 28; in France(Seba)在法国(希芭),1—3; in India 在印度,205—211, (Baldev and Markhi)(巴尔德夫和马尔基),211—215, (Shivraj and Munsi)(希夫拉杰和 曼西),215—217, (Leela)(莉拉),225; in Mauritania (Bilal)在毛里塔尼亚(比 拉尔),100—103; in Pakistan(brickworkers)在巴基斯坦(制砖工人),149—150, 157, 179—182; in Thailand (Siri)在泰国(西瑞),34—37, 41—42, 63 caste 种姓:India 印度,202, 206, 218—219, 222—223; Pakistan 巴基斯坦 172—173,
184
Catholic Agency for Overseas Development (CAFOD)天主教海外发展救济会(CAFOD ),
259
CCEM,见 French Committee against Modem Slavery 法国反现代奴隶制委员会
Center for the Protection of Children * s Rights (Thailand)儿童权益保护中心(泰国),
43, 78
Centre for Human Rights (Geneva)人权中心(日内瓦),275 change 变革:in developing countries 发展中国家,234; economic 经济,12, 232, 236,
245; social社会,12—13, 77—78, 121—122
charcoal camps, in Brazil 木炭营地,在巴西,129—134, 147, 285n5
charcoal making, in Brazil 木炭制造,在巴西,4, 23, 125—131, 242, 266 chattel slavery 财产奴隶制,19—20
child labor 童工:in Brazilian charcoal camps 在巴西木炭营地,143—146; in carpet mak-ing 在地毯制造中,225, 238, 240—241 ; in India 在印度,198—199, 200, 209; in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,112; in Pakistan brickmaking 在巴基斯坦制砖,150— 152, 154, 188
children 儿童:activism for 为......的活动,43, 78, 241 ; in debt bondage 债务质役,
150—152, 154, 188, 237; enslaved 奴 役,237, 238, 241, 254, 261, 274; as household slaves 如同家奴,3, 21; in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,86—87, 97, 111; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦,184—185; in Rugmark Campaign 在地毯商标运动,
241 ; in sex slavery 性奴役,39, 43, 73—74, 78—79O 另见 child labor,儿童劳动 Christians, in Pakistan 巴基斯坦的基督徒,152, 162—164, 173, 177
churches, abolition role of 教堂,废除......的角色,261
civil order, breakdown of 社会秩序解体,29—30
Claude, Richard Pierre克劳德,理查德•皮埃尔,255
cold war, end of 冷战的结束,13—14
commercial sex, in Thailand 泰国的商业性行为,43一48, 51, 53—57, 71, 75—79 compensation, in Mauritania 赔偿,在毛里塔尼亚,113—114
Congress Party (India)国大党(印度),223 construction projects, Indian bonded labor in 建筑计戈中的印度债务劳役,203—204 consumers 消费者:power of-.....的权力,241 ; slave-produced goods and 奴隶生产的货
物和,23—24, 239, 272
contracts 合同:debt bondage and 债务质役和,18—20 ; fraudulent 欺诈,17, 26—27,
31
corruption 腐败,232; govemmenta 1 政府,12—14, 29—31, 32—33, 63一64, 244一 247; police 警 察,29—30, 179, 245—246, 251—252; in rehabilitation programs 在康复计划中,214—215, 219, 230, 257—258
CPT,见 Pastoral Land Commission,牧场委员会,
credit, developing countries and 信贷,发展中国家和,257
Daddah, President Mokhtar ould穆赫塔尔・乌尔德•达达赫总统,92—93
debt bondage 债务 质役,9, 19—20; agriculture and 农业,16—18, 23, 154, 196— 198, 201—202, 205—223; in Brazil 巴西,128—129; children in 儿童在,150— 152, 154, 188, 237; contracts and 合约及,18—20; in India 在印度,9, 16—18, 195—231, 233, 266; inherited 继 承,16—17, 152, 198, 202—203, 206—213; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦,151—152, 155, 159, 161—171, 179—183, 191, (abolition) (废除),194; and Pakistan Brickworkers * Revolution 巴基斯坦砖窑工人革命, 186—192; in Thailand 在泰国,18—19, 41—43, 53, 58, 62, 66; United Nations on 联合国,167—168
Delta Chinese, in Mississippi 三角洲华人,密西西比州,226
Dependence, overcoming 克服依赖性,256—257
devadasi prostitution, in India 神庙舞女,在印度,21, 199—200 developed countries, slave trade in 发达国家,贩卖奴隶,266 developing countries 发展中国家:change in 在......的变化,234; civil order in 民事秩序,
29—30; credit and 信贷和,257; modernization and 现代化和,12—13; slavery in 奴隶制,4。另见具体国家
diet, of Indian bonded laborers 饮食,印度抵债劳工 195, 197
Dilokvidhyarat, Lae迪洛克维迪亚拉特,李,235
disposability 可抛弃性:of Brazilian charcoal workers 巴西木炭工人,129; of Pakistani brickworkers 巴基斯坦瓦工,159; of slaves 奴隶,4, 14—15, 17, 25, 31 ; of Thai women 泰国女性,54, 57—61
domestic slavery 家庭奴隶制,1—3, 21—22, 26—28
Dominican Republic 多米尼加共和国,236, 239
Douglass, Frederick道格拉斯,弗雷德里克,261一262 drought, in Mauritania 旱灾,在毛里塔尼亚,93—94 drug trade毒品贸易,24
economic growth 经济增长:in Brazil 在巴西,124; in Thailand 在泰国,37, 39—40,
45, 77—78
economic pressure, against slavery 经济压力,反对奴隶制,144—145, 147, 240
economics 经济学:of farming 农业,220; of modem slavery 现代的奴隶制,4—6, 10—
11, 31—32, 270—271
economic sanctions 经济制裁,24, 33, 264
economy 经济:Brazilian 巴西人,124—125; Mauritanian 毛里塔尼亚人,94—96; Thai 泰国人,39—40, 45, 52—53, 64—65, 77—78
ecosystem destruction, in Brazil 巴西生态系统破坏,121—122, 125
ECPAT,见 End Child Prostitution in Asian Tourism 终止亚洲旅游业童妓
education 教育,234—235, 257; in Brazil 在巴西,145; in human rights 在人权,255 ; in India 在印度,215—217, 225; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦,176—177, 184—185; in Thailand 在泰国,65; of women 女性 65, 215—217
El A,见 Environmental Investigation Agency 环境调查组
El Hor (Mauritania) El Hor (毛里塔尼亚),90, 102—103, 116, 120, 254 emancipation解放:process of-.....的进程,7, 255—257。另见 freedom 自由
End Child Prostitution in Asian Tourism (ECPAT)终止亚洲旅游业童妓组织(ECPAT ), 73, 79
enslavement 奴役:process 过程,272—273 ; seasonal 季节 性的,25; short-term 短期, 19, 25—26
environmental degradation 环境 退化:in Brazil 在 巴西,121—122, 125—126 ; in Thailand 在泰国,77—78
Environmental Investigation Agency(EIA)环境调查组(EIA), 242
ethnic cleansing, in Mauritania 种族清洗,毛里塔尼亚,94
ethnic differentiation 种族分化,11, 17, 118
euphemisms, for slavery 委婉语,为奴隶制,260
Europe 欧洲:domestic slavery in 家奴在......,1—3, 22, 26—28; sex slavery in 性奴隶
制在……,69
European Union 欧盟,247
Falk, Richard A.福尔克,理查德• A., 265
false contracts 虚假合同,17, 26—27, 31
fauna, of Brazilian cerrado 动物群,巴西塞拉多,133
feudalism 封建主义,233, 237; in India 在印度,199; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦,154, 171, 174
feuds, in Pakistan世仇,在巴基斯坦,175
firework factories, child labor in 烟花厂童工,200
foreign aid, to Mauritania 国外援助,对毛里塔尼亚,115—116
foreign debt 外债:Brazilian 巴西,124; Mauritanian 毛里塔尼亚人,94, 120
foreign investment, in Brazil 外国投资,在巴西,144一145, 147 Foundation for Women (Thailand)妇女基金会(泰国),78
France 法国:domestic slavery in 家庭奴隶制在......,1—3, 22; Mauritania and 毛里塔
尼亚和,91—92, 100, 116—117, 119
free market, moral indifference of 自由市场,道德冷漠,249
freedom 自由:in India 在 印度,196, 224—231 ; in Mauritania 在 毛里塔 尼亚,107— 108, 119—120; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦,186—192O 另见 emancipation,解放
freedom of assembly 集会自由,13
Free the Slaves 解放奴隶,xii, 230, 247, 248, 258—259
French Committee against Modem Slavery (CCEM)法国反现代奴隶制委员会(CCEM), 2
Gandhi, Mahatma 甘地,圣雄,255
Gandhi, Rajiv 甘地,拉吉夫,223
Gap, the 盖璞,236
GATT,见 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade《贸易总协定》
Gazdar, Haris加扎尔,哈里斯,267
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT)《贸易总协定》(GATT), 236
Germany, Rugmark Campaign in 德国,地毯商标运动,241
Ghana, religious slaves in 加纳,宗教奴隶在,22, 31
Global Alliance against Traffic in Women 反对妇女拐卖全球联盟,78
Global Survival Network 全球生存网络,251
globalization 全球化:economic 经济,232, 233, 239, 242, 246; fraudulent contracts and 欺诈性合 同和,26—27; materialism and 唯物主 义与,233, 244—246 ; new slavery and 新奴隶制和,9一10, 22—24, 32; post-cold war 冷战后,13—14
government 政府:Brazilian 巴 西人,125, 145—146; corruption 腐 败,12—14, 29— 31, 32—33, 63—64, 244—252; honesty 诚实,230; Indian, and rehabilitation programs 印度,康复计划,215—219, 223—231 ; indifference 冷漠,252; Mauritanian 毛里塔尼亚,112—117; Pakistani巴基斯坦人,164, 194; Thai泰国人,63—64 greed 贪婪,232, 244—245
Greider, William 格雷德,威廉,13—14, 233—234, 239, 245, 249, 280 n7
growth: economic 经济增长,13, 235; of slavery 奴隶制,4, 233—234
Gujral, Inder Kujmal古杰拉尔,因德尔•库马尔,223
Gulf states 海湾国家,266
Haratines (Mauritania)哈拉廷人(毛里塔尼亚),80, 84, 89一90, 113
Harrison, Rachel 哈里森,雷切尔,266, 267
Hassaniya Arabs (Mauritania)哈桑尼亚阿拉伯人(毛里塔尼亚)o见White Moors 白摩尔人
Hinduism 印度教,204
HIV infection 艾滋病感染:Burmese executions and 缅甸处决和,68; in Thailand 在泰国,
18—19, 36, 42, 49, 54—60, 65, 69, 76
honesty 诚实:of Brazilian charcoal workers 巴西木炭工人,137—138 ; of governments 政 府的,230; of Mauritanian slaves 毛里塔尼亚奴隶的,106; of Pakistani brickworkers 巴基斯坦砖窑工的,169; of rehabilitation administration康复计划管理中心的,230 human rights 人权,32; education 教育,255, 258; international finance and 国际金融和
249; in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,112, 120; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦,186; postcold war 冷战后,13一14; of workers X人的,148, 247, 258O 另见 activism 行动 主义
Human Rights Commission (Pakistan)人权委员会(巴基斯坦),192, 247
human rights organizations 人权组织,8, 68, 78, 230, 258—260; Brazilian 巴 西人, 143—144; Mauritanian 毛 里塔尼 亚人,90, 102—103, 109, 116, 120, 247— 248, 254; Pakistani 巴基斯坦人 163。另见 activism 行动;Amnesty International 大 赦国际;AntiSlavery International反奴隶制国际
Human Rights Watch 人权观察组,65—66, 68, 74, 157, 247—248, 259 hyperinflation, in Brazil 恶性通货膨胀,在巴西,124一125
ignorance, public 无知,公众,259—261
illegality 非法性:of slavery 奴隶制,5, 15, 26一27; of Thai prostitution 泰国妓女的,
37, 63—64, 72—75
illiteracy, in Mauritania 文盲,在毛里塔尼亚,97 illness, of Pakistani brickworkers 疾病,巴基斯坦制砖工人,155, 156O ILO,见 International Labour Office 国际劳工局
IME,见 International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织
Immigration Acts (Great Britain)《移民法》(大不列颠),28, immigration laws (Thailand) 移民法(泰国),66—68
India 印度:abolition in 废除,196; ancient slavery in 古代奴隶制,197; "attached" labor in 依附 工人,218; castes in 种姓,202, 206, 218—219, 222—223; child labor/ slavery in 童工奴隶制,236—237, 240 ; cultural diversity in 文化多样性,198; debt bondage in 债务质役 9, 16—18, 195—231, 233, 266, ( action against 针对......
的行动,224—225 ; laws against 针对......的法律,217—218 ); devadasi women 神
庙舞女,21, 199一200; population of-.....的人口,198; rehabilitation programs in
康复计划在……,215—219, 223—231, 255, 258; slavery in奴隶制在……,4, 11, 33
Indian National Academy of Administration 印度国家行政学院,229, 257 industrialization, in Thailand 工业化,泰国,39
industry, slave labor in X业,奴隶劳动,4, 9, 23—24
inequalities, in Brazil 巴西的不平等,124—125
Initiative for the Support of the Activities of the President (Mauritania)倡议总统行动支持 (毛里塔尼亚),115—116
interest rates, debt bondage and, in India 利率,债务质役,在印度,203
International Court of Justice (The Hague)国际法院(海牙),249—250
International Labour Office (ILO)国际劳工局(ILO ), 8, 243
International Monetary Fund (IMF)国际货币基金组织(IMF ), 249—250 international opinion, on Mauritanian slavery 国际舆论,毛里塔尼亚奴隶制问题,88—
89, 115—117
investments 投资,4, 21, 237, 238—239, 243, 264
Israel 以色列,251
Japan H 本:enslaved prostitutes in 奴役妓女在,11, 69一67, 251—252; investment of, in Thailand 投资,在泰国,50—51
Jehangir, Asma杰汉吉尔,阿斯马,186
Jha, Praveen 贾,普拉文,267
Johnson, Robert A.约翰逊,罗伯特• A., 236
Kershaw, Ian 克肖,伊恩,244
Kidnapping 绑架:in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,109; in Thailand 在泰国,42
kleptocrats 盗窃犯,12—13
Kuwait科威特,11
labor 劳动力:cheapest 最便宜的,232, 236; fraudulent contracts and 欺诈性合 同和,
17, 26—27, 31o 另见 bonded labor 债务劳役;debt bondage 债务质役
Laing, R. D.莱恩,R.D., 61
land reform 土地改革:in India 印度,225; in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,113—115; in Pakistan在巴基斯坦,154
landlords, Indian bonded labor and 地主,印度债务劳役,218—221
Laos 老挝,66—68
law enforcement 执法:antislavery 反奴隶制,32, 237—238, 240, 249—251 ; corruption in 贪污,245; Indian 印度,202; Mauritanian 毛里塔尼亚,109—110; Pakistani 巴基斯坦人,177—178, 186—192; Thai 泰国,72—75, 78
laws, slavery, in Mauritania法律,奴隶制,在毛里塔尼亚,86
League of Nations, Slavery Convention of (1926)《国际联盟禁奴公约》(1926 ), 275— 277
Leela (India)莉拉(印度),215—217, 254—255
living conditions 生活条件:of Brazilian charcoal workers 巴西木炭工人,134—135; of Indian bonded laborers 印 度抵债劳工,195—196, 203, 208—209 ; of Mauritanian water carriers 毛里塔尼亚送水工,101—103; of Pakistani brickmakers 巴基斯坦制砖 工人,155—156; of Thai sex slaves 泰国性奴隶,35
Loyola, Pureza Lopes 罗耀拉,普雷萨•洛佩斯,253—254
lynch mobs, in Mauritania 暴民,在毛里塔尼亚,89—90
male slaves, in Mauritania 男性奴隶,在毛里塔尼亚,84, 86, 111
marriage 婚姻:bride-price and, in India 彩礼,在印度 202—203 ; of Pakistani bonded slaves巴基斯坦债役奴隶,158
Massaoud, Boubacar ould马苏德,布巴卡尔•乌尔德,247
Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil)南马托格罗索(巴西),122, 126—129, 131—133, 143— 145, 147—148
Mauritania 毛里塔尼亚 15, 33, 80—120; abolition in 废除,81, 88, 94, 108—109, 112; antislavery organizations in 反奴隶制组织在,90, 102—103, 109, 116, 120, 247—248, 254; chattel slavery in 财产奴隶制,19; economy in 经济在,94—96, 120; ethnic divisions in 种族差异,81—82; foreign debt of 外债,94, 120; history of历史,91一94; international opinion of 国际舆论,88一89, 110, 115—117; old slavery in 旧奴隶制,232—234, 246; police state in 警察在,80, 82—83 ; racial divisions in 种族分裂,11; slavery laws in 奴隶制法律在,86 ; water carrying in 运水, 100—106, 119—120, 266
mechanization, in Indian agriculture 机械化,印度农业,221—222 media 媒体,144, 147
Mesopotamia美索不达米亚,197
migrant workers, in Pakistan 流动工人,在巴基斯坦,164—165
mining W, 4—5, 9, 25, 31, 125
modernization 现代化:in agriculture 农业,221—222, 232; in developing countries 在发 展中国家,12—13; in India 在印度,221—222; in Thailand 在泰国,40, 45, 64— 65
Moors, Mauritanian摩尔人,毛里塔尼亚,见White Moors白摩尔人
morality, of Mauritanian slaves 道德,毛里塔尼亚奴隶,106
Morrison, Toni 莫里森,托妮,253
Mukti Ashram 解脱静修处,255—256, 258
multinational corporations 跨国公司,9—10, 13, 25, 252; Brazil and 巴西和,125,
142; slavery links of 和奴隶制的联系,235—236, 242
murder 谋杀:of antislavery workers 反奴隶制工人,247; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦,176; of prostitutes 妓女,64, 69—70; of slaves 奴隶,86, 90, 103, 246
Muslim Sheikhs (Pakistan)穆斯林谢赫(巴基斯坦)158
Nabuco, Joaquim 纳布科,若阿金,123—124
NAFTA,见 North American Free Trade Agreement 北美自由贸易协定
National Committee for the Struggle against the Vestiges of Slavery in Mauritania 反奴隶制 残余全国委员会,115
National Project Construction Corporation (India)国家项目建筑公司(印度),204
Nazi Germany 纳粹德国,244, 246
Nepal尼泊尔,9
Nestle 雀巢,125
new slavery 新奴隶制,232, 242; in Brazil 在巴西,121—122, 126—131; characteristics of 特性,31—33, 237; global economy and 全球经济,9—10, 22—24, 32; in
India在印度,196, 201—204; multinational links of 跨国的链接,235—236, 242; old slavery compared with 与旧奴隶制 比较,5—6, 14—19, 24—25, 30; in Paki-stan 在巴基斯坦,168—169, 179, 193; psychological violence in 心理暴力,246 ; rise of 上升,12—22; in Thailand 在泰国,48—53
New York Times《纽约时报》,144, 147
N'GadiN'di恩加迪・恩迪,267
NGOs,见 nongovernmental organizations 非政府组织
Nike 耐克,236
Nirawan, Gampol尼拉万,加姆波尔,267
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)非政府组织(NGOs ), 144, 230, 247o 另 见 Anti-Slavery International,反奴隶制国际;El Hor, EL Hor; SOS Slaves, SOS 奴隶 North Africa 北非,266
North America 北美,70—71o 另见 United States 美国
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)北美自由贸易协定(NAFTA ), 236 Nouakchott (Mauritania)努瓦克肖特(毛里塔尼亚),93, 97—99, 105, 107
old slavery 10奴隶制,232, 233; in American South 在美国南部,15—16, 24—25; in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,80—120, old slavery (continued)旧奴隶制(持续的), 237, 246; nature of 性质,83—84; new slavery compared with 新奴隶制与......对比,
5—6, 14一19, 24—25, 30, 118
organized crime 有组织犯罪,50, 70—71
otherness, as slavery justification 他者,作为奴役的理由,10—11
Oxfiam 乐施会,259
Padrao, Luciano帕德朗,卢西亚诺,267
Pakistan 巴基斯坦,149一194; bonded labor in 债务劳役在,9, 230, 233, 266; brick-makingin 制砖,149一154, 185一193, 266; Brickworkers5 Revolution (1988) in 砖 窑工人革命(1988 ), 186—192; feudalism vs. modernism in封建主义与现代主义, 174; government of 政府,164, 194; human rights in 人权,186; politics in 政治, 177—178; population growth in 人口增长,184; Punjab 旁遮普,183—186; slavery in奴隶制,3, 11, 25, 31, 33
partition, of Pakistan 巴基斯坦分治,154, 183—185
Pastoral Land Commission (CPT) (Brazil)牧区土地委员会(巴西),144一145, 148,
247—248, 254
patronage, in Pakistan 赞助,在巴基斯坦,171—174
pedophiles 恋童癖,73
pension funds 养老基金,4, 238, 243, 264
peshgi system, in Pakistan 预付款制度,巴基斯坦,162—163, 165—171, 173—174, 185—186, 188, 192—193
Philippines 菲律宾,31
Pinto, Antonia 安东尼娅,平托,4—5, 31
police 警察:corruption 腐败,29—30, 179, 245—246, 251—252; Mauritanian 毛里塔 尼亚,80, 82—83; Pakistani 巴基 斯坦,168, 172, 179—183, 194; slavery enforcement and 奴隶制执行和,5, 251—252; Thai prostitution and 泰国妓女和,54, 59, 61, 63—64, 67, 72—74
Polisario Front波利萨里奥阵线,93
politic 政治,20—21, 29, 177—178, 223 ,
polygalny, in Thailand — 夫多妻制,泰国,44—46, 76
population 人口 : explosion 暴涨,12, 14, 232, 234; growth, in Pakistan 增长,巴基斯 坦 184—185; in India 在印度,198
poverty 贫困,11, 31—32, 234; in Brazil在巴西,124, 126; in Mauritania在毛里塔尼亚, 96—97; in Thailand 在泰国,52, 71
power, in Pakistan 权力,在巴基斯坦,171—174
profits 利润,4, 234, 246, 271; antislavery measures and 反奴隶制措施和,238, 240; Brazilian charcoal making and 巴西木炭制作和,140—142; Indian bonded labor and 印度债务劳役和,220—221 ; Mauritanian slaveholders and毛里塔尼亚奴隶主和, 103—106; moral indifference and 道德冷漠,244, 249; new slavery and 新奴隶制 和,14, 17—18, 23, 25; Pakistan brickmaking and 巴基斯坦制砖和,192—193; prostitution and 卖淫和,29; slavery justification and 奴隶制合法性和,10; Thai sex slavery and泰国性奴役和,54一57
prostitution 卖淫,4—5, 22—23, 42; Indian devadasi and 印度神庙舞女和,199—200; Indian rehabilitation program and 印度康复计划和,203, 225 ; physical damage of 身 体伤害,59一60; psychological damage of 心理伤害,59, 61—62; Thai 泰 国人, 18, 34—79, 266—268; trafficking in 人口贩卖,65—66, 72
psychological violence 心理暴力,246, 274
PTT Exploration and Production (Thailand)泰国国家石油公司勘探和生产(泰国),21
Punjab (Pakistan)旁遮普(巴基斯坦),183—186
race 种族,10—11
racism 种族主义,7, 93o 另见 ethnic differentiation 种族差别
rain forest, Brazilian, destruction of 雨林,巴西,毁灭,121—122
recruitment, into slavery 招募,奴役,126— 127
Red Cross红十字会,230
reforms, Mauritanian 改革,毛里塔尼亚,119—120
refugees 难民,65
rehabilitation programs 康复计划,2—3 ; anticorruption powers 反腐败权力,257—258 ; India 印度,214—219, 223—231, 255—256 ( cash grants 现金 赠款,227—228; vigilance committees 监察委员会,228—229 )
relationships 关系:slave-slaveholder 奴隶一奴隶主,14, 273—274; Mauritanian 毛里塔 尼亚人,84—86, 108; Thai 泰国人,61—63
religion 宗教,11, 21—22 ; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦(另见 Christians, in Pakistan 基督 教,在巴基斯坦),172—174, 176—178, 194; slaves and 奴隶和,106—108; in Thailand 在泰国,38—39, 62—63O 另见 Hinduism 印度教
research 研究,8, 257; methods 方 法,265—274; questions 问 题,268—274; slavery links and奴隶制联系和,243 o另见case studies个案研究
Rio de Janeiro 里约热内卢,132
Roman Empire, slavery in 罗马帝国,奴隶制在,12
Rugmark Campaign 地毯商标运动,240—241
Russia, slave shipments from 俄罗斯,奴隶轮船从......,251
SACCS,见 South Asian Coalition on Child Servitude 南亚童奴问题联盟
Sahara撒哈拉,91
sale, of slave families, in Pakistan 买卖,奴隶的家庭,在巴基斯坦,158—159
sanctions: economic 经济制裁,24, 33, 264; UN,联合国,250
Saudi Arabia, slavery in沙特阿拉伯,奴隶制在,11
Seba (France)希芭(法国),1—3
segregation, in American South 种族隔离,美国南部,6—7
Senegalese, persecution of 塞内加尔,迫害,89—90
sex industry, in Thailand 性产业,在泰国,43—48, 51, 53—57, 71, 75—79 sex slavery性奴役:in Europe在欧洲,69; gangs帮派,70; state enforcement of 国家执法, 63—64, 71—72, 75; in Thailand 在泰国,34—79
sexual assault 性攻击:of Mauritanian women slaves 毛里塔尼亚妇女奴隶,111; of Pakistani women brickworkers 巴基斯坦女性砖窑工人,158—160, 175, 194
sharecropping, in India 佃农,在印度,216—217
shareholders, exposure of 股东,......暴露,247
Shivraj and Munsi (India)希夫拉杰和曼西(印度),211—215
Singh, Pramod辛格,普拉莫德,267
Siri (Thailand)西瑞(泰国),34—37, 41—42, 63, 234, 256
slave codes, in American South 奴隶规范,在美国南部,30
slave trade, in Brazil 奴隶贸易,在巴西,122—123
slave-slaveholder relations 奴隶一奴隶主关系,14, 273—274; in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼 亚,84—86, 108; in Thailand 在泰国,61—63
slaveholders 奴隶持有者,5, 10—11, 270; bonded labor and债务劳役和,17; in Brazil 在巴西,140—143; economics and 经济学,31—32; false contracts and 虚假合同, 26—27; in India 在 印度,210—211, 218—221 ; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦,161— 164, 174; profits of 利润,23—24; in Thailand 在泰国,48—53, 57
slaveholding, diffusion of 奴隶持有,扩散,237—238
slavery 奴隶制:government complicity in 政府同谋,63—64, 71 ; preconditions for 先决 条件,31—32; reality of 现实,259—261。另见 new slavery 新奴隶制;old slavery 旧奴隶制
Slavery Convention of the League of Nations(1926)国际联盟禁奴公约(1926 ), 275—276 slaves 奴隶:defined 定义,279—280n4; estimated numbers of 估计的人数,8—9; selfhelp by 自助,253, 254—257
social change 社会变革,13
social chaos 社会混乱,232; in Brazil 在巴西,121—122; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦, 175—178; in Thailand 在泰国,77—78
social consent 社会同意,245
SOS Slaves (Mauritania) SOS 奴隶(毛 里塔尼 亚),90, 109, 116, 120, 247—248,
254
South南方,见American South美国南方
South America 南美洲,9, 266O 另见 Brazil 巴西
South Asian Coalition on Child Servitude (SACCS)南亚童奴问题联盟(SACCS ), 255
Southeast Asia 东南亚:slavery in 奴隶制在,9, 12o 另见 Thailand 泰国 state violence, in developing countries 国家暴力,在发展中国家,29—30 steel industry, indirect slave labor in 钢铁工业,间接奴隶劳动,23, 125—126 subsistence 维生:of Indian bonded labor 印度债务劳役,207—208 ; of slaves 奴隶,17 Sudan, kidnappings in,苏丹,绑架,33
Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery (1956)《废止奴隶制、奴隶贸易和类似奴隶制的制度与 实践的补充公约》( 1956), 276
sustainable freedom, in Mauritania 可持续自由,在毛里塔尼亚,120
Swami, Laxmi (Britain)斯瓦米,拉克希米(英国),27—28
Task Force to End Child Sexploitation 终结儿童性剥削任务组,79
Taya, President Maawiya Ould Sid5 Ahmed塔亚总统,马维亚•乌尔德•西德•艾哈迈德,
94, 112
tea, bonded workers and, in India 茶叶,债务工人,在印度,198
Thailand 泰国:debt bondage in 债务质役,18—19, 41—43, 53, 58, 62, 66; economy in 经济,39—40, 45, 52—53, 64—65, 77—78; foreign prostitutes in 外国妓女在, 66—67; girls as commodities in 女孩作为商品在,38—42; HIV/AIDS in HIV/艾滋 病,60, 76; industrialization in I业化,39, 65; legislation in 立法,73—74; natural resources in 自然资源,37—38 ; new slavery in 新奴隶制,232 ; prostitution in 卖 淫在,18, 25, 28—29, 34—79, 266( numbers 数字,43; research methods 研究方法, 267—268 ); sex industry in 性产业,43—48, 51, 53—57, 71, 75—79; slavery in 奴隶制在,11, 33; social structure in 社会结构,44—45
torture, in Pakistan 酷刑,巴基斯坦,158, 179
Total 共计,21
tourism, sex industry and 旅游业,性产业和,75—77
trade, moral values and 贸易,道德价值观和,249—252 traditional societies, erosion of 传统社会,侵蚀,13 trafficking 贩运:in prostitution 卖淫,65—66, 72; in slaves 在奴隶,250—252 ; in women 在女性,283n22
training 培训,255—256
transfer market, Pakistani brickworkers and 转让市场,巴基斯坦制砖工人和,170 trickery 诡计:in debt bondage 债务质役,168; false contracts as 虚假合同作为,17, 20, 26—27, 31; into prostitution®入卖淫,42, 62, 65—66, 69 ; into slavery, in Bra-zil进入奴隶制,在巴西,126—128, 137
Ukraine, slave shipments from 乌克兰,奴隶轮船从......来,251
UNICEF,见 United Nations Children's Fund 联合国儿童基金会
联合国(UN), 7, 32—33, 68, 243, 247, 250—253, 260; on debt bondage关于债务 质役,167—168; on Mauritanian slavery 毛里塔尼亚奴隶制问题,116; on murder of Afro-Mauritanians 关于谋杀非洲裔毛里塔尼亚人,90; Supplemental Convention on the Abolition of Slavery (1956)《废除奴隶制补充公约》(1956 ), 168
United Nations Children's Fund(UNlCEF)联合儿童基金会(UNICEF ), 200, 241, 259
United States 美国:child labor controversy in 1998 年童工争议,236; Drug Enforcement Agency 美国缉毒局,251 ; Mauritania and 毛里塔尼亚和,116—117, 118 —119; prostitution in 卖淫,22, 70; slavery in 奴隶 制在,3, 9, 22O ,另见 American South美国南部
Universal Declaration of Human Rights(1948)世界人权宣言(1948 ), 276
Unocal优尼科,21
urbanization, in Mauritania 城市化,在毛里塔尼亚,93, 97—100
Uttar Pradesh (India)北方邦(印度),199, 201—204, 225—228, 286—287nl
violence 暴力,232 ; government-sponsored 政府赞助的,89—90 ; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦 (debt bondage 债务质役,157—158, 164, 168, 179; politica 1 政治,177; religious intolerance and 宗教不 容忍,176—178; society and 社 会和,174, 175—178 ); prostitution enforcement and 卖淫以及 41, 58—59, 69—70 ; psychological 心理的, 246; slavery enforcement and 强制执行 奴隶制以及,5, 17, 19—20, 30, 234, 245—247, 274 (in Brazil 在巴西,138—139; in India 在印度,199; in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,88, 89—90 )
vocational rehabilitation 职业康复,255—256
Volkswagen 大众汽车,125
voting rights, in India 投票权,印度,223
war slavery 战争奴役,20—21
water carrying, in Mauritania 运水,在毛里塔尼亚,100—106, 119—120, 266
White Moors 白人摩尔人:in Mauritania 在毛里塔尼亚,80—81, 84—89, 92—93,
96—97, 102, 112—115; racism of 种族主义,119
women 妇女:in Brazilian charcoal camps 在巴西木炭营地,144—145 ; in India 在印度(as bonded laborers 作为抵债劳工,209; in government programs 在政府计戈!1 中,215— 218; in self-help organizations 在自助组织,215—217 ); as Mauritanian slaves 作为 毛里塔尼亚奴隶,84, 86—87, 111—112; in Pakistan 在巴基斯坦(at brick kilns 在砖窑,159—160, 188; violence toward朝向 ……暴力,158—160, 175, 194); powerlessness of 无权力......,111; trafficking in 贩运,283n22
working conditions: at Brazilian charcoal camps 工作条件:在巴西木炭公司营地,130— 131 ; of Indian child labor 印度童工,200 ; of Mauritanian water carriers 毛里塔尼 亚的运水工,101—102; of Pakistani brickmakers 巴基斯坦制砖工人,149—150, 155—156, 159; of Thai sex slaves 泰国性奴隶,34—37
World Bank世界银行,24
World Trade Organization (WTO)世界贸易组织(WTO), 249, 250, 252
Yin, Robert K.殷,罗伯特• K. , 266