索引

索引

(页码参见本书边码)

Aberdeen 阿伯丁,353

abortion 流产,208,327,454n

absenteeism 旷工,21

accidents,nuclear 事故,核,36–37,62–74,78,112,478n

beyond design-basis 超设计基准,63,194

casualties 死亡人数,89,94,99,101,117,118,122,127,136,179,208–9,220,229,232,235–38,265,268,299–300,312,315,326,334,338

Chernobyl,see Chernobyl Atomic Energy

Station 切尔诺贝利,参见切尔诺贝利原子能电站

design-basis 设计基准,75,84,85

Fukushima 福岛,356–57

Leningrad 列宁格勒,66–67

maximum design-basis 最大设计基准,62,92,114,149,263

Mayak 马亚克,44–45,129,173,220–21,224,225

secrecy and cover-ups 保密和掩盖,41–45,67–74,107,110,118,131,157–59,172–79,200–204,209,215–19,222,250–52,259,263–77,306–8,311–13,317,322,327–30,346–49,452n

Three Mile Island 三里岛,73–74,191,194,271,331,357

Windscale 温德斯凯尔,41,128,399n

Account No. 904 第904号账户,304–5

acute radiation syndrome (ARS)急性辐射综合症(ARS),28–31,109–10,136,151,224–38,253,286,299–301,322,472n,481n

symptoms and progression 症状及病情进展,224–38

Aeroflot 苏联民航总局,119

Afghanistan 阿富汗,19,140,163,258

Soviet war in 苏联阿富汗战争,19,240,246,294,298,327,329,330

agriculture 农业,14,15,39,45,126,161,165,248,251,254–57,261,310,329–30,354–56

Akhromeyev,Sergei,阿赫罗梅耶夫,谢尔盖 113,185,203

Akimov,Alexander,阿基莫夫,亚历山大55,57,79–81,84–89,93,108–10,135,151,223,225,230,232,235–36,268,308,318,347,455n

death of 之死,236,268,308

rehabilitated reputation of 恢复名誉,349

Alaska 阿拉斯加,201

Alcohol 酒精,59,96,138,147,196,208,209,227,246,261,294,298,301–2,304,334,420n,454n

Aleksandrov,Anatoly 亚历山德罗夫,阿纳托利,42–43,61–62,64,73,74,112,120–21,154,160,184,185,201,203,267,268,270–73,280,323,325–26,367

Aliyev,Heydar 阿利耶夫,海达尔,172,173,177

All-Union Radiation Medicine Research Center 全苏放射医学研究中心,333

alpha particles α粒子,27,56,164,192,224,257

Ammonia 氨,195

Ananenko,Alexey,阿纳年科,亚历克谢211

Angren hydroelectric project 安格连水电项目,10

animals 动物,248,254,258,354–56,402n

abandoned pets 遭遗弃的宠物,254

birth efects 出生缺陷,329–30,355–56

Experimental 实验动物,354

Annushka reactor 安努什卡反应堆,32,34

antinuclear movement 反核运动,73

Antoshkin,Nikolai,安托什金,尼古拉152–53,155,160–62,179–82,187,188,190,195,204,206,281,307,334,340,367,433n,434n,439n,443n

apparatchiks 在册干部,14,19,97,174,272,276

Arctic 北极,42

Area K K区,278

Area M M区,278–79,288,289,290

Area N N区,278

Argon 氩,225

Argonne National Laboratory 阿贡国家实验室,358,398n

Armenia 亚美尼亚,70

armored vehicles 装甲车,140,241,243,248,279,428n

atomic bomb 原子弹,26,29–30,31,37,43,51,360 参见核武器

Atomic Energy for Military Purposes 《军事用途的原子能》,32

atoms原子,25–28

atomshchiki 原子人,21–22,51,67,69,71,92

Atomy Mirny-1 和平原子1号,33–35,37,38,40,60

Austria 奥地利,331

Azerbaijan 阿塞拜疆,172,253

AZ-5 system AZ-5系统,65–66,71–73,83–90,93,230,264,268,414n

Flaws 缺陷,71–73

generator rundown 发电机降负荷,83–90

Bagdasarov,Yuri 巴格达萨罗夫,尤里,420n

Baikonur Cosmodrome 拜科努尔航天发射场,50–51

Balakovo nuclear power plant 巴拉科沃核电厂,71,452n

Baltic Sea 波罗的海,169,171

Barabanova,Dr. Anzhelika 巴拉巴诺娃,安热莉卡医生,234,351,455n,456n

Baranov,Dr. Alexander 巴拉诺夫,亚历山大医生,232–33,235

Baranov,Anatoly 巴拉诺夫,阿纳托利,100–101

barda “巴达”,256

Bathyscaphe 深海潜水器,293,296,470n

Battle of Chernobyl 切尔诺贝利之战,200–216,341

BBC 英国广播公司,208,314,343

Belarus 白俄罗斯,8,130,152,184,186,202,204,248,251,258,277,305,329,330,331,353,354,359

Beloyarsk Nuclear Power Station 别洛亚尔斯克核电站,398n

Berdov,Gennadi 贝尔多维奇,根纳季 127

Beria,Lavrenty 贝利亚,拉夫连季,32–34

Berlin Wall,fall of 柏林墙,倒塌,331

Beryllium 铍,37

Bespalov,Valery 别斯帕洛夫,瓦列里,211

beta particles β粒子,27,56,109,164,224,225,234,235,237,257,300,301

beyond design-basis accident 超设计基准事故,63,194

biological dosimetry 生物剂量测定法,226,232

bio-robot campaign,288–91,321

birds 鸟,248

birth defects 出生缺陷,329–30,355–56

Bitumen 沥青,20,255,287,288,289

Black Sea 黑海,191

Blix,Hans 布利克斯,汉斯,201,210,214–15,239,345,365,366,367

blotters 吸墨纸,287

Bocharov,Lev 博恰罗夫,列夫,291–94,296,298,368

Bogdan,V. A. 波格丹,V.A.,418n

Bolshov,Leonid 博利绍夫,列昂尼德,409n

bone marrow transplants 骨髓移植,225,229–36,238,299,300,301

Bonn 波恩,176,178

boric acid powder 硼酸粉,128

Boron 硼,36,60,160,166

boron carbide 碳化硼,72

Borovoi,Alexander 博罗沃伊,亚历山大,285–86,343–44,368

Boyarchuk,Maria 博亚尔丘克,玛丽亚,132

Brezhnev,Leonid 勃列日涅夫,列昂尼德,14,52,112,261

Brize,Raimond 布里兹,雷蒙德,314–15,319–20

Brukhanov,Lilia,布留哈诺夫,利利娅10,11,18,46

Brukhanov,Oleg,布留哈诺夫,奥列格10,266

Brukhanov,Valentina,布留哈诺夫,瓦莲京娜 10–11,17,18,21,46,96,97,150,165,218,266,303,308,319,320,344,361–63,484n

Brukhanov,Viktor 布留哈诺夫,维克托,7–24,46–47,55,67,70,73,75,84,90,138,139,165,174,265,336,337,365,393n,405n,412n,418n,422n,423n,424n,484n

arrest and imprisonment of 逮捕和监禁,275,308,320

awards and promotions 奖励和提升,22–23

banished to Kiev 驱逐出基辅,273–75,308

construction and startup of Chernobyl 切尔诺贝利的建造与启动,7–24

fired and blamed for accident 因事故被解雇并遭谴责,266,269,270–75

life after prison 出狱后的生活,344–45,361–63

management style 管理风格,21,75,98

role in Chernobyl accident 在切尔诺贝利事故中扮演的角色,96–98,105–10,115–18,122–24,143,150,205–7,265–66,314–20,328,362–63

trial of 审判,308–9,319–20,362

written situation report 书面局势报告,118,122–23

bulldozers 推土机,242–43,255,279

Burnasyan Medical Center 布尔纳江医学中心,351

Cadmium 镉,36

Calcium 钙,257

Calder Hall nuclear power station 考尔德豪尔核电站,40–41

Canada 加拿大,200

Canadian Globe and Mail 《加拿大环球邮报》,274

Cancer 癌症,27,28,30,78,232,312,326,334,351–52,359–60

carbon emissions 碳排放,357,358

Carter,Jimmy 卡特,吉米,73

Cascade Wall 隔离墙,283–84,291

Caspian Sea 里海,9

Casualties 伤亡,89,94,99,101,111,117,118,122,127,136,178,179,208–9,220,229,232,235–38,265,268,299–300,312,315,326,334,338

Caucasus 高加索,253,320

Central Committee 中央委员会,114,115,122,154,172,176,179,274,275,323,328,465n

Cesium 铯,226,234,257,320,330,354

Cesium134 铯134,248,267,320

Cesium137 铯137,88,169,171,248,267,320,329

charity rock concert 慈善摇滚演唱会,304–5

Chebrikov,Viktor,切布里科夫,维克托172,176,179

Chelyabinsk-40 车里雅宾斯克-40,44–45,220,255

chemical warfare troops 化学部队,241,243,246–49,255–60

Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station 切尔诺贝利原子能电站,1–3,9,13,46

aftermath of explosion 爆炸后果,91–110

airlift of injured patients 空运伤员,148,150–53,158,205,219–20

April 25,5:00 p.m.4月25日下午5时,46–59

April 25,11:55 p.m. 4月25日晚11时55分,75–90

April 26,1:28 a.m. 4月26日凌晨1时28分,91–110

April 26,1:30 a.m. 4月26日凌晨1时30分,111–31

April 26,6:15 a.m. 4月26日晨6时15分,132–51

April 27 4月27日,152–66

architectural layout 建筑设计平面,56–57

back online 重新并网发电,290–91,306,321

bio-robot campaign 生物机器人运动,288–91,321

birth of 诞生,7–24

Casualties 伤亡,89,94,99,101,117,118,122,127,136,179,208–9,220,229,232,235–38,265,299–300,312,315,326,334,338

causes of accident 事故原因,153,230,241,261–77,321,346–49,465n

cleanup efforts 清理工作,241–60,288–91,310,332–33

Complex Expedition 综合体探查行动,340–44,364

construction and startup of 建造和启动,7–24,53–57,64,67–74,392n,393n

containment efforts 围阻工作,128–29,153–56,160–64,166,174,176,179–82,187–99,202–16,241–48,278–98

damage reports 损失报告,93–99,118,122–25,155–56,189

design and construction defects 设计与建造缺陷,12–13,19–22,62–74,268–77,286,308,315–18,321–22,346–49,408n

economic efects of accident 事故的经济影响,327–31

emergency response team 应急反应团队,113–16,118–19,121–22,124–25,147

explosion of Reactor Number 4 四号反应堆爆炸,87–90

financial cost of accident 事故的经济代价,330–31,481n

fire 火灾,91–110,116,118,123,128,130,143,150,153–56,160–64,174,178,181,189,193–95,202,206,214

generator rundown 发电机降负荷,83–90

global contamination from 导致全球污染,169–86,248,260,269,277,327–30,353–54

government response to accident 政府对事故的反应,111–31,138–39,152–66,172–86,192–204,208–9,218–19,239–41,249–54,261–77,306–13,322–31,362

health effects of radiation 辐射的健康影响,26,28–31,78,89,100–110,117–18,130,135–36,143,147–51,164,180,185,192–93,207,220–38,242,243,247–48,251,253,266–67,290,299–301,312,322,326,333–35,355–60,454n,481n,486n

heat exchanger project 热交换器项目,216,245–46

helicopter bombing operation 直升机轰炸行动,160–64,166,179–82,187–99,202,204,281,285,341,433n,443n,446n

hospitalization of injured 伤员入院治疗,121,135–36,146–53,157,176,179,184–85,202,219–38,251,262,299–301,315,427n,430n

IAEA reports 国际原子能机构报告,266–67,275–77,312,346,348–49,410n

IAEA visit 国际原子能机构视察,214–15,239

international response to accident 事故的国际反应,177–79,200–201,210,212,214–15,228–30,232–34,239,266–69,273,307,327–32,357

investigation of accident 事故调查,261–77

labor problems 劳动力问题,20–22

liquidation campaign 清理运动,239–60,296,310,332–33,359,471n,475n

long-term efects on environment 长期环境影响,329–31,354–56

Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station (Cont.)切尔诺贝利原子能电站(接上)

media response to accident 媒体对事故的反应,148–50,156–57,174–79,208–9,215,239–41,250,266,274,291,294,299,307,311–14,324,327–30,355

military response to accident 军方对事故的反应,113–14,129,140–46,152–56,158–64,166,173,174,179–82,185,187–99,202,204–8,239–60,273,278–98,330,468n

New Safe Confinement 新安全壳,364–66 1982

accident 1982年事故,69–70,112

nuclear safety board of inquiry report on 核安全委员会的调查报告,346–48

operator error explanation 操作人员失误解释,267–75,308–9,314–20,345,346–49,411n,412n,414n

positive void efect 正空泡效应,85–90,268,318,348

power fall 功率下降,81–83

quality control 质量控制,20,53–57

radiation cloud 辐射云,169–86

radiation levels after explosion 爆炸后的辐射水平,105–9,116–18,123–31,136,140–46,153–56,160–64,176,180–84,189–99,207–8,211–15,226,241–60,278–98,300,316,319,352–53,423n,481n

radiation survey flights 辐射调查飞行,140–46,155–56,160–64,189,248

Reactor Number 4 maintenance shut-down四号反应堆维护停堆,75–90

refugee conditions 难民境遇,217–20,301–16,320–21

Sarcophagus 石棺,250,273,278–98,338–44

search for scapegoats 寻找替罪羊,264–77

secrecy and cover-up of accident 事故的保密和掩盖,107,110,118,131,157–59,172–79,200–204,209,215–16,218–19,222,250–52,259,263–77,306–8,311–13,317,322,327–30,346–49,452n

surviving witnesses of 幸存的目击者,360–66

technical refit 技术改装,321–22

tourism 旅游业,356,359

trial 审判,308–9,314–20,345,362,474n,475n,477n

in 2011 在2011年,352–56

in 2016 在2016年,336–38,359,363–65

underground nitrogen operation 地下充氮行动,195,203,205–6,212–13

water-pumping operation 泵出积水行动,196–99,204–8,210–14

Chernobyl Forum 切尔诺贝利论坛,359

Chernobylite 切尔诺贝利石,344

Chernobyl town 切尔诺贝利镇,8,148,174,181,186,258,288,302,314

Chernobyl Two 切尔诺贝利二期项目,20–21,138

children 儿童,123,202,205,217,302

evacuated from Kiev 从基辅疏散,252–53

radiation threat to 对……的辐射威胁,139,142,148,157,159,178,202,209,210,251–53,306,312,326,356

refugee conditions 难民境遇,305–6

schools 学校,139,306

China 中国,137,357,358

China Syndrome,fears of 中国综合症,对……的恐惧,191–95,212–13,216,244,246,265,334,341–43

China Syndrome,《中国综合症》,电影,191,193

Chistogalovka 克里斯托加罗夫斯卡,70,145

chronic radiation sickness (CRS)慢性辐射病(CRS),221

CIA 美国中央情报局,45,200

cigarette smoking 吸烟,75,409n,410n

civil defense forces 民防部队,113–14,129,130,140–46,155,158–64,181,187–88,195–99,202,204,240,241,278–98,424n,429n

cleanup efforts 清理工作,241–60,278–98,310,332–33

radiation survey flights 辐射调查飞行,140–46,155–56,160–64,189,248

Sarcophagus project 石棺项目,278–98,338–44

climate change 气候变化,356,357–58

cloud seeding 播云,184,442n

CNN 有线电视新闻网,239

Coal 煤,245,357,458n

cobalt 60 钴60,171

Cold War 冷战,19,33,43,45,330

collective farms 集体农场,14,126,161,165,248,256–57,305,329–30,354–56

Combine 816 816联合体,40

Communist Party 共产党,8,12–16,34,38,47–48,52,112,115,119–20,222,249,274,316,333,345,388n,465n

collapse of 倒台,331,333,343,345,348,354,364,441n

corruption 腐败,13–15,19–22,67–74,311–13,327–28,347–48,365

hero narrative for Chernobyl 切尔诺贝利的英雄叙事,306–8,323

Membership 党员,14–15

of 1970s 1970年代的,12–16

Propaganda 宣传攻势,240,306–8,311–12

Radio 电台,148–49

response to Chernobyl accident 对切尔诺贝利事故的反应,111–31,138–39,152–66,172–86,192–204,208–9,218–19,239–41,249–54,261–77,306–13,322–31,362

secrecy and cover-up of Chernobyl accident切尔诺贝利事故的保密和掩盖,107,110,118,131,157–59,172–79,200–204,209,215–19,222,250–52,259,263–77,306–8,311–13,317,322,327–30,346–49,452n 27th

Congress 第二十七次代表大会,18–19 Complex Expedition 综合体探查行动,340–44,364

Computers 计算机,17,42,63,81,83,108,194,213,264,321

Concrete 混凝土,10,12,20,44,48,62,124,154,203,213,216,244,468n

defects 缺陷,20

explosion 爆炸,88,89,94,95,101

Sarcophagus 石棺,282–83

containment building 安全壳建筑,62

containment efforts 围阻工作,128–29,153–56,160–64,166,174,176,179–82,187–99,202–16,241–48,278–89

control rods 控制棒,35–38,54,60–61,65–66,69,71–73,79,82–83,125,264,286,287,321,348,405n,406n,408n

explosion 爆炸,87–90,92–93,98–99 faulty 缺陷,72,268,347,348

maintenance shutdown 维护停堆,79–90 “tip”effect “末端”效应,71–73,348,408n

Control Room Number Four 四号控制室,57,75–90,107–10,134,136,347

aftermath of explosion 爆炸后果,91–110 April 25,11:55 p.m. 4月25日晚11点55分,75–90

April 26,1:28 a.m. 4月26日凌晨1点28分,91–110

Explosion 爆炸,87–90

generator rundown 发电机降负荷,83–90

maintenance shutdown 维护停堆,75–90

operator error and 操作人员失误与,267–75,308–9,314–20,345,346–49,411n,412n,414n

staf and panels 员工与控制板,78–80

Control Room Number Three 三号控制室,93

Control Room Number Two 二号控制室,134,337

Coolant 冷却剂,35–38,53,60,62,64,68,83,85,87,91–95,98,108,110

emergency cooling system 紧急冷却系统,62,93–95,116,124,125,128

Leaks 泄露,65–67,92–95,98

core meltdown 堆芯熔毁,92,105,117

Chernobyl risk of 切尔诺贝利堆芯熔毁的风险,191–95,202–16,244–46

Corium 放射性岩浆,213,215–16,244,342,483n

corridor 217/2 217/2走廊,285,339

Council of Ministers 部长会议,119,159,175,177,193,246,346–47

Council on Ecology 生态理事会,325

Crimea 克里米亚,202,266,269,329,332,364

Cuba 古巴,176,201

Curie,Marie 居里,玛丽,29

Curie,Pierre 居里,皮埃尔,29

Czechoslovakia 捷克斯洛伐克,178,331,354

Daghlian,Harry K.,Jr. 达格利恩,小亨利·K,30–31,396n

Danilenko,Valery 丹尼连科,瓦列里,261–62

Daniloff,Nicholas 丹尼诺夫,尼古拉斯,177,179

Davletbayev,Razim 德维叶特别耶夫,拉齐姆,99–100

Day of the Power Engineer 电力工程师日,64

deaerator corridor 脱气走廊,56–57,403n

Degtyarenko,Viktor 杰格佳连科·维克托,93–94

Demag cranes 德马格起重机,287,292,293,296

Denmark 丹麦,169,174,178,331

design-basis accident 设计基准事故,75,84,85

Deuterium 氘,26

Dnieper River 第聂伯河,8,182,191,192,202,208,244,274,306,320

Dobrynin,Anatoly 多勃雷宁,阿纳托利,176,307

Dolgikh,Vladimir 多尔吉赫,弗拉基米尔,154,172,176,438n,464n

Dollezhal,Nikolai 多列扎利,尼古拉,32,64,65,72,267,269,273,396n

Dolomite 白云石,160,190,191

Donetsk 顿涅茨克,320,344

dosimeters 剂量计,105–7,141,145,196–97,211,242,244,248,284,285,289,343,444n

DP-3 radiometer DP-3辐射计,141,145

DP-5 radiometer DP-5辐射计,105–7,196–97,211

Dyatlov,Anatoly 佳特洛夫·阿纳托利,75–78,80–89,410n,411n,412n,413n,414n,416n

arrest of 逮捕,300

death of 之死,349

in prison 入狱,345–46

radiation burns 辐射烧伤,223,300,346,411n

rehabilitated reputation of 恢复名誉,349

role in Chernobyl accident 在切尔诺贝利事故中扮演的角色,80–89,92–93,98,107–9,135,151,223,230,300,316–30,345–49

trial of 审判,309,316,317–20,477n

Earthquakes 地震,62

East Germany 东德,174,331

Economy 经济,12–16,21,34,39,118,177,181,249,327–31

collapse of Soviet Union and 苏联解体,331,333,343,354,364

efects of Chernobyl disaster 切尔诺贝利灾难的影响,327–31,354

Era of Stagnation 停滞时期,12–22,42,323

Gosplan 国家计划委员会,15,39–40

of 1970s 1970年代的,12–16

Perestroika 重建,19,327

Pripyat 普里皮亚季,17–18,21–22,137

Edison,Thomas 爱迪生,托马斯,28

Einstein,Albert 爱因斯坦,阿尔伯特,25,26

Eisenhower,Dwight D. 艾森豪威尔,德怀特·D,33

Atoms for Peace speech “原子能促和平”演讲,33

EI-2 伊万2号,40,60

electrification 电气化,10,12,32–33,34,37,38–40,42,61,63,65–66,76,111–12,131,249,273,290,306,321,337,357–58,389n12

Elena 叶连娜,61–63,87,99,124–25

Elephant’s Foot 大象脚,339–40,342,343

Elizabeth II,Queen of England 伊丽莎白二世,英格兰女王,40–41

emergency bunker 紧急掩体,97–98

emergency cooling system 紧急冷却系统,62,97–98,116,124,125,128,342

emergency protection system 紧急保护系统,62,65–66,71–73,97,264,268,342,406n,414n

emergency response system 应急反应系统,113–19,121–22,124–25,147

energetiki 电力人,22,64

Engels,Friedrich 恩格斯,弗里德里希,183

Epilogue 尾声,367–72

Era of Stagnation 停滞时期,12–33,42,323

Esaulov,Alexander 叶绍洛夫,亚历山大,132–33,139,147–48,368,426n,430n

Estonia 爱沙尼亚,51,294,329

European Bank of Reconstruction and Development 欧洲复兴开发银行,365

Evacuation 疏散,117,123,126,127,129–31,149,153,155–66,185–86,194,202,208,252,257–60,301–13,315,328,330,431n,432n,433n,449n,486n

of children from Kiev 基辅儿童的疏散,252–53

500–kilometer zone 500公里区,203–4

Frenzy 恐慌,205,208–10,217–20,252–53

Mandatory 强制,129,155–66

refugee conditions 难民境遇,217–20,301–16,320–21

ten-kilometer zone 10公里区,186,241

thirty-kilometer zone 30公里区,186,194,202,208,215,241,249,251–59,301–13,314,328,332–33,352–56,359,364

transport enterprises 运输公司,162–66

Exclusion Zone 隔离区,215,241,247,251–59,301–13,314,328,332–33,352–56,359,364,475n

expansion of 扩大,353

experimental animals 实验动物,354–56

Tourism 旅游,356,359

in 2011 在2011年,352–56

Fairy Tale Pioneer camp 童话少先队营地,265,274

fallout,radioactive 坠尘,放射性,130,181,247–48,251,255–57,277,282,315,326,329

Fat Man “胖子”原子弹,31

Fedulenko,Konstantin 费多伦科,康斯坦丁,189

Fifty-First Guards Helicopter Regiment 第51护卫直升机团,160,166

Finland 芬兰,169,174,242,353

Fire 火,57–59,91–110,261–62,287,419n,431n

Aftermath of Reactor Number 4 explosion 四号反应堆爆炸的后果,91–1 10,116,118,123,128,130,143,150,153–56,160–64,174,178,181,189,193–95,202,206,214

brigades 消防队,57–59,91–110,153–54,204,223–26,236,240,262,300,306–8

First Main Directorate 第一总局,32,34

Fish 鱼,54,402n

fission,nuclear 裂变,核,26,32,35–38,53,60,79,117,193,226

Five-Year Plan 五年计划,22

fluoroscope 荧光镜,28

Fomin,Nikolai 福明,尼古拉,22,23,84,117,125,205,207,265,272,274,309,316–18,410n

life after prison 出狱后的生活,345

trial of 审判,309,314,315,316–20 Fonda,Jane 方达,简,191

food 食物,13,227

Radioactive 放射性,27,178,248,251,256–57,310,321,329–30,353–54,399n,480n

Shortages 短缺,13,15–16,17

Forsmark nuclear power station 福斯马克核电站,170–72

427th Red Banner Mechanized Regiment 第427红旗机械化团,195–99

France 法国,178,200,353,400n

free trade 自由贸易,201

FSB 俄罗斯联邦安全局,27,395n

Fukushima accident 福岛事故,356–57

Gabon 加蓬,35

“Gadget,”“小玩意”396n

Gadhafi,Muammar 卡扎菲,穆阿迈尔,201

Gagarin,Yuri 加加林,尤里,51,324

Gale,Dr. Robert 盖尔医生,罗伯特,228–30,232–34,235,239,299,312,359–60,368

gamma rays γ射线,1,27,28,30–31,42,102,104–7,109,125,154,171,180,182,207,214,224,225,227,232–37,242,282–89,339,399n

Garanikhin,Vyacheslav 加拉尼克辛,维亚切斯拉夫,246

Gaschak,Sergei 加夏克,谢尔盖,354,355,356

Gates,Bill 盖茨,比尔,358

Gävle 耶夫勒,170–72

General Radiation Accident 全面辐射事故,97,114

genetic effects of radiation exposure 辐射暴露的遗传效应,329–30,355–56,486n

Genrikh,Oleg 亨里希,奥列格,108

geothermal power 地热能,358

German Atom Forum 德国原子论坛,212

germanium detector 锗探测器,171

Germany 德国,25,174,176,178,200,209,212,266,283,335,357

fall of Berlin Wall 柏林墙倒塌,331

Nazi 纳粹,236,279,397n,486n

Glasnost “公开性”,240,312,327,328 GLEEP 低功率石墨实验性原子反应堆,398n

global warming 全球变暖,356,357–58

Glukhov,Andrei 格卢霍夫,安德烈,133–35

Gorbachev,Mikhail 戈尔巴乔夫,米哈伊尔,18–19,59,121,123,183,184,193,288,348,368–69,436n,445n,449n

Reforms 改革,19,112,118,173,201,271,312,322–25,327–31

resignation of 辞职,333

response to Chernobyl accident 对切尔诺贝利事故的反应,131,172–77,185–86,194,199,200–204,210,230,239–41,250,267,268,270–73,281,322–24,327,329

Gorbachev,Raisa 戈尔巴乔夫,赖莎,329 Gorky 高尔基,270

Gorky collective farm 高尔基集体农场,305

Gosplan 国家计划委员会,15,39–40,273

Graphite 石墨,35–38,41,53,60–62,70,72,77,86,88,279,341

Fire 火,88–90,95,101,102,104,110,125,127,144,153,156,160,169,174,178,181,189,192–95,214,215,249,287,431n

graphite-water reactors 石墨-水反应堆,35–38,40,42,53,60–62,64,405n

Great Britain 大不列颠,37,40–41,176,200,307,354,400n

GLEEP 低功率石墨实验性原子反应堆,398n

nuclear policy 核政策,37,40–41,398n

Windscale accident 温德斯凯尔事故,41,128,399n

Great Patriotic War 苏联卫国战争,34,294,319,333,364,397n,486n

Gromyko,Andrei 葛罗米柯,安德烈,174,307

Group of Efective Control 有效控制组,22

Gubarev,Vladimir 古巴廖夫,弗拉基米尔,319,324

Sarcophagus:A Tragedy 《石棺:一出悲剧》,319,324

Gulag 古拉格,137,220,221,291

Gulf of Finland 芬兰湾,63,66

Guskova,Dr. Angelina 古斯科娃医生,安格林娜,220–22,225–27,230–37,275,299–300,351,369,427n,472n

Radiation Sickness in Man 《人类辐射病》,222

Hammer,Armand 哈默,阿曼德,229–30,235,454n

Hanford reactors 汉福德反应堆,31,32,396n

Havana 哈瓦那,176

heat exchanger project 热交换器项目,216,245–46

helicopter bombing operation 直升机空投行动,160–64,166,179–82,187–99,202,204,281,285,341,433n,443n,446n

Helium 氦,37

Helsinki 赫尔辛基,169

Heroes of Socialist Labor 社会主义劳动英雄,307

hero narrative 英雄叙事,306–8,323

Hinton,Joan 欣顿,琼,396n

Hiroshima 广岛,26,29–30,360,394n,395n,419n

Holland 荷兰,178

hospitalization of Chernobyl victims 切尔诺贝利受害者的入院治疗,121,135–36,146–53,157,176,179,184–85,202,219–38,251,262,299–301,315,333,427n,430n

Hospital Number Six 第六医院,121,219–38,240,265,266,287,300–307,322,334,335,349,351,352,359,452n,453n,455n

Hotel Polesia 波列西耶旅馆,124,161,187

hydroelectric stations 水力发电站,39,357

Hydrogen 氢,26,88,100,154

hydrogen bomb 氢弹,33,41

Ignalina nuclear power plant 伊格纳利纳核电厂,71,331

Ignatenko,Ludmilla 伊格纳坚科,卢德米拉,230–31,233,237–38

Ignatenko,Vasily 伊格纳坚科,瓦西里,101,231–38

Ilyin,Leonid 伊雷因,列昂尼德,210,251,252,461n

IMR-2 vehicles IMR-2战斗工程车,242,279

India 印度,201

Institute of Biophysics 生物物理研究所,121,135,147,221,326

Hospital Number Six 第六医院,121,219–38,240,265,266,287,300–301,304–5,307,322,334,335,349,351,352,359,452n,453n,455n

integral fast reactor 集成式快中子反应堆,358

International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)国际原子能机构(IAEA),44,174,201,210,214,273,326,345,346,359,365

reports on Chernobyl accident 关于切尔诺贝利事故的报告,266–67,275–77,312,346,348–49,410n

visit to Chernobyl 访问切尔诺贝利,214–15,239

International Commission on Radiological Protection 国际放射防护委员会,359

International Congress on Human Rights(1991)国际人权大会(1991),347

investigation of Chernobyl accident 切尔诺贝利事故调查,261–77

criminal inquiry 刑事调查,263–77

design defects 设计缺陷,268–77

operator error 操作人员失误,267–68,270–75

Punishments 惩罚,272–73

Reports 报告,266–77

scientific inquiry 科学调查,263–77

search for scapegoats 寻找替罪羊,264–77

Iodine 碘 131,28,41,70,88,148,169,182,267,359

iodine pills 碘片,148,149,178,188,209

ionizing radiation 致电离辐射,11,27–31,102,257

Isotopes 同位素,26,189

Ispolkom 执行委员会,17,18,23,124,126,132,133,137,138,164,165,217,258,259,304,310

Ivankov 伊万科夫,165,206

Ivan-1 伊万1号,40

Ivanov,Boris 伊万诺夫,鲍里斯,113–14,124,127,148,150–51,155,430n

Ivan the Second 伊万二号,40,60

Izrael,Yuri 伊兹拉埃尔,尤里,210,251,252,415n

Izvestia 《消息报》,240,274,294,307,327,460n

Japan日本,26,200,201

Fukushima accident 福岛事故,356–57

Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings 轰炸广岛和长崎,26,29–30,31,360,394n,395n,419n

Media 媒体,314

Joker 小丑,288

Josephson,Paul 约瑟夫森,保罗,34

Jupiter electronics plant 木星电子厂,21,393n

Kabul 喀布尔,246

Kachalovsky,E. V. 卡恰洛夫斯基,E.V.,441n

Kalinin nuclear power plant 加里宁核电厂,345

Kalugin,Alexander 卡卢金,亚历山大,121,264,466n

Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦,1,18,31,38,50,119,137,144,153,221,261,291,300

Kershenbaum,Igor 克什鲍姆,伊戈尔,85

KGB 克格勃,8,15,18,20,32,43,54,70,111,113,119,121,129,140,146,147,172,176,179,184,185,208,221,230,247,258,261,262,265,270,273,275,276,303,310,328,395n,407n,418n,422n,438n,474n

Khmel,Grandpa 赫梅利,老爹,58

Khmel,Piotr 赫梅利,彼得,58–59,96,104,227,236,361

Khmelnitsky nuclear power plant 赫梅利尼茨基核电厂,486n

Khodemchuk,Valery 赫德姆丘克,瓦列里,85,89,94,299,338,366

monument to 纪念碑,366,482n

Khrushchev,Nikita 赫鲁晓夫,尼基塔,34,42,43,173

Kibenok,Tanya 基贝诺克,塔尼娅,237

Kibenok,Viktor 基贝诺克,维克托,101,102,236,307

Kiev 基辅,1–3,9,14,16,17,48,61,63–64,96,111–31,159,172,175,191,198,218,240,251–53,273–74,294,304,332,333,356,426n

April 26,1:30 a.m. 4月26日,凌晨1点30分,111–31

decontamination checkpoints 除污检查站,251

displaced citizens resettled in 疏散市民的重新安置,305–6

electrical grid 电网,61,63,76,80,111

evacuation of children 疏散儿童,252–53

government response to Chernobyl accident政府对切尔诺贝利事故的反应,111–31,172,182–84,208–9,261–63

radiation threat to 对……的辐射威胁,182–84,194,204,208–10,251–53,326

Kiev Sea 基辅水库,8

Kirichenko,Svetlana 基里琴科,斯韦特兰娜,217

Kizima,Vasily 基济马,瓦西里,139

Kolkhoz 集体农场,161,165,261,382

Kombinat Industrial Association 合作工业协会,310–11

Komsomol 苏联共青团,47,49,58,77,120,149,164

Komsomolsk-on-Amur 阿穆尔河畔共青城,77,107

Konstantinovka 康斯坦丁诺夫卡,305

Kopachi 科帕奇,64

Kopchinsky,Georgi 科尔钦斯基,格奥尔基,114,115,408n,422n

Korean Air jet,1983 downing of 大韩航空客机,1983年被击落,173

Korneyev,Yuri 科尔涅耶夫,尤里,88–89,100–101

Korol,Sasha 科罗尔,萨沙,50–55,149–50,158,301,303

Kostenko,Lina,“Satan Sleeps Beside the Pripyat,”科斯坚科,莉娜,“撒旦沉睡在普里皮亚季之侧”363,488n

Kostin,Igor 柯斯京,伊戈尔,290,291

Kovalenko,Alexander 科瓦连科,亚历山大,315,319,345

Krasnoyarsk-26 克拉斯诺亚尔斯克-26,144

Kremlin 克里姆林宫,115,118,172,175,201,240,250,333

Krypton 氪,225

Kudryavtsev,Alexander 库德里亚夫采夫,亚历山大,93,99

Kurchatov,Igor 库尔恰托夫,伊戈尔,31–33,38–40,51,221,401n

Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy 库尔恰托夫原子能研究所,39,42,43,61,64,67,72,74,84,119,120,121,154,160,184,185,189,215,220,263,264,267,275,277,280,297,308,318,323–26

Complex Expedition 综合体探查行动,340–44,364

task force exploration of Sarcophagus 石棺探查特别行动组,284–86,338–44

Kurguz,Anatoly 柯尔克孜,阿纳托利,89,108,234–35

Kursk 库尔斯克,64,408n

KVN (TV show)机智开心果俱乐部(电视节目),52

Laboratory 23 23号实验室,77,78

Latvia 拉脱维亚,329

Laushkin,Yuri 劳什金,尤里,319,345,474n

lava,radioactive 岩浆,放射性的,342–44 Lead 铅,160,181,190,191,241,242,340,341

Legasov,Valery 列加索夫,瓦列里,74,119–21,126–29,153–56,160–61,181,185,189–94,199,201,203,263,265,270,272,284–86,297,322–28,431n,444n,445n,478n

death of 之死,325–26

IAEA report 国际原子能机构报告,266,275–77,346

radiation sickness of 辐射病,266–67,322

Lenin,Vladimir 列宁,弗拉基米尔,13,19,52,183,184,229,270

Statues 塑像,23,217,274,306

Leningrad 列宁格勒,43,63,202,240

Leningrad nuclear power plant 列宁格勒核电厂,63–67,405n

Leninism 列宁主义,13,23,261

Leninsk 列宁斯克,51

lepestok mask “花瓣”面具,122

Lesnoy 列斯诺伊,10–11

LFTR reactor 液态氟化钍反应堆,358

Libya 利比亚,201

life islands 生命岛,233

Ligachev,Yegor 利加乔夫,叶戈尔,172–74,177,184–86,203,249,436n

liquidation campaign 清理运动,239–60,296,310,332–33,359,471n,475n

Literaturna Ukraina 《乌克兰文学》,241 Lithuania 立陶宛,71,173,331

Little Pripyat 小普里皮亚季,344

Litvinenko,Alexander 利特维年科,亚历山大,27

Logachev,Alexander 洛加乔夫,亚历山大,1–3,125–26,311,369,424n,428n,440n

London 伦敦,176,307

London Daily Mail 《伦敦每日邮报》,177

Los Angeles Times 《洛杉矶时报》,266

Lugoviki 卢戈维基,218

Lvov 利沃夫,204

Lyashko,Alexander 利亚什科,亚历山大,112,441n

Lysyuk,Grigori 利斯尤科,格里戈里,414n

maintenance shutdown 维护停堆,75–90

Makukhin,Aleksei 马库辛,阿列克谢,122

Malomuzh,Vladimir 马洛穆日,弗拉基米尔,117–18,124,125,127,139,148,262,270,423n,424n

Mammoth “猛犸象”,292–94,296–98

Manhattan Project 曼哈顿项目,30–31,36,37,396n

Marin,Vladimir 马林,弗拉基米尔,114–15,424n

Marshes 沼泽,257

Marx,Karl 马克思,卡尔,13,52,183

Marxism 马克思主义,13,261

maximum design-basis accident 最大设计基准事故,62,92,114,149,263

Mayak reactor explosion 马亚克反应堆爆炸,44–45,129,173,220–21,224,225

May Day celebrations 五一劳动节,182–84,194,219,231,303,441n,442n

Mayorets,Anatoly 马约列茨,阿纳托利,115,118–19,123,127,265–68,423n

Media 媒体,19,71,74,150,191

Global 全球,177–79,239,307,312,314

response to Chernobyl accident 对切尔诺贝利事故的反应,148–50,156–57,174–79,208–9,215,239–41,250,266,274,291,294,299,307,311–14,324,327–30,355

Medvedev,Grigori 梅德韦杰夫,格里戈里,265,328,422n

Chernobyl Notebook 《切尔诺贝利笔记本》,328,346

MEPhI 莫斯科工程物理学院,17,50,51,52,77,303

Meshkov,Alexander 梅什科夫,亚历山大,120,127,263,267,271,272,424n

Metlenko,Gennadi 梅特连科,根纳季,84–85

Metsamor nuclear power plant 梅察莫尔核电厂,70

militsia 内务部警察部队,18,122,129,138,144,150,151,261,302,429n,433n,434n

Mimka,Lubomir 米姆卡,卢博米尔 187–89

Ministry of Atomic Energy 原子能部,273,346

Ministry of Energy and Electrification 能源与电气化部,7,9,13,14,16,17,20,43,46,112,113,243,246,249,267,268,272–73,332

Ministry of Internal Affairs 内务部,18,96,106,112,208,254,273,382,433n,449n,461n

See also MVD 参见MVD

Ministry of Medium Machine Building 中型机械制造部

See Sredmash 参见Sredmash

Minsk 明斯克,204,240,328,331,353,480n

Mitino 米金诺,299

Mi-26 helicopter 米-26直升机,180,188,206

Moderator 慢化剂,35–38,284

mogilniki 坟场,332

Moldova 摩尔多瓦,47,218,240

Moller,Anders Pape- 莫勒,安德斯·佩普-,355,356

Moscow 莫斯科,9,18,43,97,135,298,350

government response to Chernobyl accident政府对切尔诺贝利事故的反应,111–31,138–39,152–66,172–86,192–204,218–19,239–41,249–54,261–77,306–13,322–31,362

injured hospitalized in 伤员入院治疗,147–48,150–51,158,176,185,205,219–38,299

radiation threat to 对……的辐射威胁,184,251

Mousseau,Timothy 穆索,蒂莫西,355,356

MVD 内务部,208,257

Nagasaki 长崎,29–30,31,360,394n,395n,419n

NATO 北大西洋公约组织,239

Nazism 纳粹主义,236,279,397n,486n

Nepotism 任人唯亲,13,311

neptunium 239 镎239,88,171,248

Nesterov,Boris 涅斯捷罗夫,鲍里斯,163–64,360,433n

Neutrons 中子,25–26,35–38,125

New Safe Confinement 新安全壳,364–66

New York Post 《纽约邮报》,177,179

New York Times 《纽约时报》,31,274,312

New Zealand 新西兰,331

NIKIET 苏联能源技术科学研究与设计院,33,63–74,84,264,267,272,280,318,346,348,408n

NIKIMT 苏联装配技术研究设计院,255,280,287,293,470n

Ninth Five-Year Plan 第九个五年计划,12

Nitrogen 氮,101,195,206

gas piped in reactor vault 向反应堆坑室中

输送氮气,195,203,205–6,212–13 NKVD 内务人民委员部,32

Noginsk 诺金斯克,279

Nomenklatura 党政领导干部,7,13–14,19,48,111,365

Novaya Zemlya 新地岛,1

Novovoronezh nuclear power plant 新沃罗涅日核电厂,398n

Novy Mir 《新世界》月刊,324,328

nuclear industry 核工业,7–24,39,82,241–42,249–50,267,398n

changes in,after Chernobyl accident 切尔诺贝利事故后的变化,272–73,321–26,331–32,356–59

Chernobyl accident,see Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station 切尔诺贝利事故,参见切尔诺贝利原子能电站

cleanup eforts and 清理工作,241–42

construction and startup of Chernobyl 切尔诺贝利的建造与启动,7–24,53–57,64,67–74

corruption 腐败,12,19–22,67–74,311–13,322,327–28,347–48,365

design and construction defects 设计与建造缺陷,12–13,19–22,34,37–38,62–74,268–77,286,308,315,317–18,321–22,346–49,408n

future of 未来,357–60

history of 历史,31–45,60–74

military origins of 军事起源,31–34

modern benefits 现代社会中的益处,357–58

1970s expansion 70年代的扩张,9–16,63–68

Oversight 失察,272–73

secrecy and cover-ups 保密和掩盖真相,41–45,67–74,107,110,118,131,322,327–30,346–49,452n

nuclear reactors 核反应堆,1–3,35–38

Annushka 安努什卡,32,34

Atom Mirny-1 和平原子能一号,33–35,37,38,40,60

Chernobyl,see Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station 切尔诺贝利,参见切尔诺贝利原子能电站

components and operation 组件及运行,35–38

construction and startup of 建造与启动,7–24,53–57,64,67–74

design and construction defects 设计与建造缺陷,12–13,19–22,34,37–38,62–74,268–77,286,308,315,317–18,321–22,346–49,408n

Elena 叶连娜,61–63,87,99,124–25

Fukushima 福岛,356–57

future of 未来,357–60

Graphite-water 石墨水反应堆,35–38,40,53,60–62,64,405n

history of 历史,31–45,60–74

Mayak 马亚克,44–45,129,173,220–21,224,255

modern benefits of 现代社会中的益处,357–58

Obninsk 奥布宁斯克,32–35,37,38,39

RBMK 压力管式石墨慢化沸水反应堆,60–74,77–78,107,194,263–64,267–77,315,318,321–22,331,346,349,404n,405n,406n,408n,465n

Runaway 失控,37,64,65,71–72,83,347

technical refit 技术改装,321–22

Three Mile Island 三里岛,73–74,191,194,271,357

water-water designs 水-水设计,38,40,61–62

nuclear waste,disposal of 核废料,排放,255,257,310,332

nuclear weapons 核武器,9,19,26,31–33,40,42,330

British 英国,41

Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings 轰炸广岛和长崎,26,29–30,31,360,394n,395n,419n

Partial Test Ban Treaty 《部分禁止核试验条约》,171

Soviet 苏联,9,31–33,42–43,201

U.S. 美国,19,26,29–32,33,36,37,201,279,396n

Nucleus 核,25,26

Oak Ridge National Laboratory 橡树岭国家实验室,358

Obninsk 奥布宁斯克,50,52,290,303

Reactor 反应堆,32–35,37,38,39

Odessa 敖德萨,206,253

Oil 油,39,330,356,357

OPAS 核电站事故应急处理小组,113,147–48

operator error 操作人员失误,267–75,308–9,314–20,345,346–49,411n,412n,414n

Order of Lenin 列宁勋章,22,32

ORM 运行反应性裕量,69,71,83,408n

Örn,Torsten 奥恩,托尔斯滕,175

osobaya zona 特别禁区,181,440n

Oxygen 氧,88,154,160

Ozersk 奥焦尔斯克,44–45

Ozone 臭氧,100,259,286,338

Paramilitary Fire Brigade Number Six 第六民兵消防队,57

Paramilitary Fire Station Number Two 第二民兵消防站,57–59,91–110

aftermath of explosion 爆炸之后,91–110

April 26,1:28 a.m. 4月26日,凌晨1点28分,91–110

Parashyn,Serhiy 帕拉辛,谢尔盖,109,274

Partial Test Ban Treaty 《部分禁止核试验条约》,171

partizans 游击队员,282,284,294–96,469n

pastila 药糊糊,188

Penney Report 彭尼报告,399n

People magazine 《人物》杂志,307

Perestroika 重建,19,322,323,327,329,330

Perevozchenko,Valery 普列沃兹琴科,瓦列里,87,98,99,107,237

death of 之死,238

Petrosyants,Andranik 彼得罗相茨,安德拉尼克,185,266

Petrovsky,Alexander 彼得罗夫斯基,亚历山大,91,103–4,360–61

pets,abandoned 宠物,被遗弃的,254

Philippines 菲律宾,331

Pikalov,Vladimir 皮卡洛夫,弗拉基米尔,155,241,249,254,259,275,430n,432n

Pioneer camps 少先队营地,209,252,253,265,274

pioneer walls 先锋墙,282–83

Pismenny,Vyacheslav 皮什米尼,维亚切斯拉夫,213,216

Plutonium 钚,26,31,32,34,37,40,41,44,60,63,247,320

plutonium 239 钚239,26,88,248

PNEs 和平核爆炸,399n

Poland 波兰,174,176,178

Polesia 波列西耶,148,165,353

Polesia State Radiological and Ecological Reserve 波列西耶国家辐射与生态保护区,353

Polesskoye 波列什科,186,217–18,301–2

Politburo 中央政治局,14,112,122,172–76,181–86,201,212,246,264,266,270–74,281,286,305,311,321,327,330

Politburo Operations Group 中央政治局行动小组,181,184,243,249,251

Polonium 钋,27,29

Polygon “多边形区”,221

Poroshenko,Petro 波罗申科,彼得罗,363–65

positive scram effect 正紧急停堆效应,71–73

positive void coefficient 正空泡系数,37–38,63,66,83,85–90,268,286,318,321,348

Powers,Francis Gary 鲍尔斯,弗朗西

斯·加里,45

Pozdishev,Erik 波茨迪舍夫,埃里克,464n

Pravda 《真理报》,71,240,274,294,306,319,324,326,327

Pravda Ukrainy 《乌克兰真理报》,175

Pravik,Nadia 普拉维克,纳迪娅,237

Pravik,Vladimir 普拉维克,弗拉基米尔,58–59,91–92,95–96,101–3,227–28,307

death of 之死,236

pre-installation overhaul 预安装全面检修,12

pressure tubes 压力管,62

Prianichnikov,Veniamin 普里亚涅齐尼科夫,韦尼阿明,143–44,150,244–46,334,369

Pripyat 普里皮亚季,11–24,47,54,74

abandonment of 废弃,257–60,301,336–38

aftermath of explosion 爆炸后果,91–110

airlift of injured patients 空运伤员,148,150–53,158,205,219–20

April 25,5:00 p.m. 4月25日下午5点,46–59

April 25,11:55 p.m. 4月25日午夜11点55分,75–90

April 26,1:28 a.m. 4月26日凌晨1点28分,91–110

April 26,1:30 a.m. 4月26日凌晨1点30分,111–31

April 26,6:15 a.m. 4月26日清晨6点15分,132–51

April 27 4月27日,152–66

Architecture 建筑,137–38,258

as atomgrad 作为一座原子城,11,17,23,49,130,258,301

cleanup efforts 清理工作,241–60,278–98,310,332–33

construction of ……的建设,11–24,362,393n

Economy 经济,17–18,21–22,137

Employment 就业,21–22

evacuation of 疏散,117,123,126,127,129–31,149,153,155–66,185–86,202,208–10,217–20,257–60,301–13,315,328,431n,432n,433n,449n,486n

as ghost town 作为一座鬼城,166,257–60,301,314,336–38

government response to accident 政府对事故的反应,111–31,138–39,179–80,258–60,263,310,432n

helicopter bombing operation 直升机空投行动,160–64,166,179–82,187–99,202,204,281,285,341,433n,443n,446n

hospitalization of injured 伤员入院治疗,121,135–36,146–53,157

intruders kept out of 拦挡闯入者,257–60

investigation of accident 事故调查,261–77

liquidation campaign 清理运动,239–60,296,310,332–33,359,471n,475n

looting 洗劫,257,302–4,311,336–37 1982

accident 1982年事故,69–70

public informed of accident 将事故告知公众,117,124,129,155–66,202

radiation survey flights 辐射调查飞行,140–46,155–56,160–64,189,248

radiation threat to public 对公众的辐射威胁,106–7,129–30,139–40,149,155–66,202,208–10,247–53,257–60,301–13,326–35,355–56,486n

roadblocks 路障,129,143,150

tourism 旅游业,356,359

trees and forests 树木和树林,23,247,248–49,256–57,312,330,353,462n,486n

in 2011 在2011年,352–56

in 2016 在2016年,336–38,363–65

Pripyat Communist Party 普里皮亚季共产党,124,127–28

Pripyat River 普里皮亚季河,7,8,47,49,191,192,202,244,402n

Problem Number One 一号问题,31–32,38

Prometheus myth 普罗米修斯神话,23–24

Propaganda 宣传攻势,174,240,306–8,311–12,344,437n

Proskuryakov,Viktor 普罗斯库里亚科夫,维克托,93,99

Protons 质子,26

Protsenko,Maria 普罗岑科,玛丽亚,136–38,138,140,142–43,158–59,161,162–66,258–60,309–11,333,361,369

Prushinsky,Boris 普鲁申斯基,鲍里斯,113,114,118,121–22,124–27,128,425n

pump system 泵系统,62,83,84,85,87,93–95,124,342

Pushkin,Alexander 普希金,亚历山大,325

Eugene Onegin 《叶甫盖尼·奥涅金》,78 PVA glue PVA胶,255,256

pyatachok “猪鼻子”,61,62–63,87

Radiation 辐射,1–3,22,25–45,60–62,70,73,105–9,129

Cloud 云,169–86

containment eforts after accident 事故后的围阻工作,128–29,153–56,160–64,166,174,176,179–82,187–99,202–16,241–48,278–98

core meltdown risk 堆芯熔毁风险,191–95,202–16,244–46

fallout 放射性坠尘,130,181,247–48,251,255–57,277,282,315,326,329

fatal dose 致死剂量,99,104,197,221,225,238,279,359,419n

genetic effects of exposure to 辐射暴露的遗传效应,329–30,355–56,486n

global contamination 全球污染,169–86,248,260,269,277,327–30,353–54

health efects and symptoms 健康影响和症状,26,28–31,78,89,100–110,117–18,130,135–36,143,147–51,164,180,185,192–93,207,220–38,242,243,247–48,251,253,266–67,290,299–301,312,322,326,333–35,355–60,454n,481n,486n

history of 历史,25–45

ionizing 致电离辐射,11,27–31,102,257

levels after Chernobyl explosion 切尔诺贝利爆炸后辐射水平,105–9,116–18,123–31,136,140–46,153–56,160–64,176,180–84,189–99,207–8,211–15,226,241–60,278–98,300,316,319,352–53,423n,481n

liquidation campaign 清理运动,239–60,296,310,332–33,359,471n,475n

long-term efects on environment 长期环境影响,329–31,354–56

Reactor Number 4 explosion 四号反应堆爆炸,87–90

survey flights 调查飞行,140–46,155–56,160–64,189,248

threat to public 对公众的威胁,106–7,129–30,139–40,149,155–66,202,208–10,247–53,257–60,301–13,326–35,355–56,359–60,486n

Radiation Efects Reactor 辐射效应反应堆,30

Radio 广播电台,129,148–49,426n

propaganda 宣传攻势,148–49

response to Chernobyl accident 对切尔诺贝利事故的反应,156–57,175,179,208–9

Radio Kiev 基辅广播电台,179

Radio Moscow 莫斯科广播电台,175,179 Radio Sweden 瑞典广播电台,208

Radium 镭,29

Radium Girls 镭女郎,29

Radon 氡,27

RBMK reactors 压力管式石墨慢化沸水(RBMK)反应堆,12,20,53–54,60–74,77,121,154,263–64,267–77,318,321–22,331,346,349,404n,405n,406n,408n,465n

design and construction defects 设计和建造缺陷,12–13,19–22,62–74,268–77,286,308,315,317–18,321,346–49,408n

history of 历史,60–74

maintenance shutdown and mistakes 维护停堆和错误,75–90

RBMK-1000 RBMK-1000反应堆,63–74,77–78,107,194,315,318,321,405n

technical refit 技术改装,321–22

Termination 终止运行,273,276

RDS-1 RDS-1(苏联第一颗原子弹),31

Reactor Number 1. See Unit One 一号反应堆,参见一号机组

Reactor Number 2. See Unit Two 二号反应堆,参见二号机组

Reactor Number 3. See Unit Three 三号反应堆,参见三号机组

Reactor Number 4. See Unit Four 四号反应堆,参见四号机组

Reactor Number 5. See Unit Five 五号反应堆,参见五号机组

Reactor Number 6. See Unit Six 六号反应堆,参见六号机组

Read,Piers Paul 里德,皮尔斯·保罗,14

Reagan,Ronald 里根,罗纳德,19,176,200

response to Chernobyl accident 对切尔诺贝利事故的反应,200–201

Red Forest 红树林,256,312,330,353,462n

refugees,conditions of 难民,境遇,217–20,301–16,320–21

Reikhtman,Georgi 雷特曼,格奥尔基,411n,429n

relief funds,for displaced persons 救济金,发给疏散人员的,304–5

Report on the Causes of the Accident in Unit Four of the Chernobyl AES 《关于切尔诺贝利核电站四号机组事故原因的报告》,267,268

resettlement of displaced citizens 重新安置被

疏散的居民,305–6,320–21

Riga 里加,240

RK-1000 reactor RK-1000反应堆,405n

Robinson,Clif 鲁滨逊,克利夫,170–71,370

Robitnycha Hazeta 乌克兰《工人报》,175

Robots 机器人,287–91,338–39,357

Roentgen,Wilhelm 伦琴,威廉,28

Rogozhkin,Boris 罗戈日金,鲍里斯,315,316,319,345,420n

Romania 罗马尼亚,331

Rome 罗马,176

Rosen,Morris 罗森,莫里斯,210,214–15

Rovno 罗夫诺,181,305

Rozvazhev 罗兹瓦日夫,218

runaway,reactor 失控,反应堆,37,64,65,71–72,83,347

rundown unit 降负荷机组,75–76

Russia (post-Soviet Union)俄罗斯(后苏联时期),359

Russia (pre-Soviet Union)俄国(前苏联时期),13

Revolution of 1917 1917年俄国革命,13,16,183

Ruthenium 钌,27–28,267,320

Ryzhkov,Nikolai 雷日科夫,尼古拉,115,118–19,172,176,181,182,184–86,202,203,243,251,272,277,297,322,370,415n,436n,441n,460n

Sakharov,Andrei 萨哈罗夫,安德烈,270,328

Samoilenko,Yuri 萨莫伊连科,尤里,288

sand,dropped on nuclear ruins 沙,空投于核废墟上,160–64,166,179–82,187–99,202,204,281,285,341

Sandstedt,Karl Erik 桑德施泰特,卡尔·埃里克,171

Sarcophagus 石棺,250,273,278–98,307,312,330,338–44,363,470n,471n

Cascade Wall 隔离墙,283–84,291

Complex Expedition 综合体探查行动,340–44,364

Construction 建造,281–98

Design 设计,280–82,293

Elephant’s Foot 大象脚,339–40,342,343

Kurchatov task force exploration of 库尔恰托夫特别探查行动,284–86,338–44

limitations of ……的局限,344

Mammoth 猛犸象,292–94,296–98

New Safe Confinement 新安全壳,364–66

ventilation and sprinkler systems 通风和喷淋系统,297

Scandinavia 斯堪的纳维亚,169

contamination from Chernobyl 来自切尔诺贝利的污染,169–77

Schepin,Oleg 谢尔潘,奥列格,184

Scherbina,Boris 谢尔比纳,鲍里斯,119,124,126–31,152–56,160–62,172,179–86,190,192–94,201,203,270,271,288,292,328,340,370,426n,431n,439n

Scherbitsky,Vladimir 谢尔比茨基,弗拉基米尔,8,112,116–17,131,176,182–84,185,203,208,252,253,370–71,426n,441n,449n,464n,465n

Second Administration Building 第二行政办公大楼,89–90

Selsyn monitors 自同步监视器,79,86,87

Semipalatinsk 塞米巴拉金斯克,1,221

Shasharin,Gennadi 萨沙林,根纳季,268–69,272,434n

Shashenok,Vladimir 沙什诺克,弗拉基米尔,101,136,299,427n

Shavrey,Ivan 夏维,伊万,58,103–4

Shavrey,Leonid 夏维,列昂尼德,58,95–96,103,104

Shcherbak,Iurii 谢尔巴克,尤里,209,449n

Shevardnadze,Edward 谢瓦尔德纳泽,爱德华,200–201,436n

Shevchenko 舍夫琴科,291

Shultz,George 舒尔茨,乔治,178

Siberia 西伯利亚,18,39,120

Sidorenko,Viktor 西多连科,维克托,424n

Silayev,Ivan 西拉耶夫,伊万,185,192,194–95,197,206,207,210,212,215,250,280,442n,446n

silver iodide 碘化银,184

SIUR 高级反应堆控制工程师(SIUR),79,86,412n

Skazochny 童话,205

Sklyarov,Vitali 斯克利亚罗夫,维塔利,74,111–12,116,123–24,126,128,131,345,371,426n,432n

Slavsky,Efim 斯拉夫斯基,叶菲姆,43,112,119–20,201,250,267,268,270–72,280,281,292,296–98,322,371,408n

Slavutych 斯拉夫蒂奇,306,310,320–21,322,329,337,478n

radiation threat to 对斯拉夫蒂奇的辐射威胁,320–21

Slavyansk 斯拉维扬斯克,9

Slichenko,Nikolai 斯里琴科,尼古拉,11 SMT-1 SMT-1,280

Socialism 社会主义,33,120,273

Society of Hunters and Fishermen 猎人和渔民协会,254

sodium 24 钠24,226

Sokolov,Sergey 索科洛夫,谢尔盖,239–40

solar energy 太阳能,357

Soroka,Oleg 索罗卡,奥列格,463n

Soviet Academy of Sciences 苏联科学院,119,120–21,154,276,277,322,325

Soviet armed forces 苏联武装部队,12,113–14,173,240,390n,481n

bio-robot campaign 生物机器人运动,288–91,321

liquidation campaign 清理运动,239–40,296,310,332–33,359,471n,475n

response to Chernobyl accident 对切尔诺贝利事故的反应,113–14,129,140–46,152–56,158–64,166,173,174,179–82,185,187–99,202,204–8,239–60,273,278–98,330,468n

Soviet Life 《苏联生活》,74

Soviet Red Cross Society 苏联红十字协会,302

Sovietskaya Rossiya 《苏维埃俄罗斯报》,330

Soviet Union 苏联,12–16

collapse of 解体,331,333,343,345,348,354,364,441n

corruption 腐败,12,15,19–22,67–74,311–13,327–28,347–48,365

defense spending 国防开支,12,390n

Economy 经济,12–16,34,39–40,118,177,181,249,327–31

Era of Stagnation 停滞时期,12–22,42,323

Glasnost “公开性”,240,312,327,328

government response to Chernobyl accident对切尔诺贝利事故的政府回应,111–31,138–39,152–66,172–86,192–204,208–9,218–19,239–41,249–54,261–77,306–13,322–31,362

internal passport system 内部护照系统,209

1970s nuclear expansion 20世纪70年代的核扩张,9–16

nuclear history 核历史,31–45

nuclear weapons 核武器,9,31–33,42–43,201

oil and gas 石油与天然气,39

perestroika 重建,19,322,323,327,329,330

space exploration 太空探索,9,42,50–51,324–25

war in Afghanistan 阿富汗战争,19,240,246,294,298,327,329,330

World War II 第二次世界大战,34,209,236,279,294,333,364,397n

Soybeans 大豆,355

Soyuzatomenergo 苏联核工业联合会,70,97–98,113,115,118

space exploration 太空探索,9,42,50–51,324–25

Special Battalion 731 731特种部队,190,243

Special Zone 特别禁区,181,182,241,242,244,247,259,279,291,298,338,440n

Sputnik 人造地球卫星,51

Sredmash 中型机械制造部,9,34,39,40,43–44,60,62,66–68,74,119,174–75,189,201,215–16,220,221,222,223,245–46,250,255,258,263,266,267,268,271,280–98,307,308,322,340,341,400n,405n,409n

US-605 US-605建设小分队,280–98,307,338–44,365

Stalin,Joseph 斯大林,约瑟夫,14,32,34,59,137,327

Star Wars program 星球大战计划,19

State Committee for Nuclear Safety 核安全国家委员会,84,318

State Committee for the Utilization of Atomic Energy 原子能利用国家委员会,174–75,400n

State Committee on Safety in the Atomic Power Industry 原子能工业安全国家委员会,400n

Steel 钢,12

Steinberg,Nikolai 施泰因贝格尔,尼古拉,69–70,347–48,452n

Stockholm 斯德哥尔摩,170

contamination from Chernobyl 来自切尔诺贝利的污染,170–77

Stolyarchuk,Boris 斯托利亚尔丘克,鲍里斯,55,57,83,86,87,89,92,110,371

stolypin cars 斯托雷平火车,320,477n

Strauss,Lewis 斯特劳斯,刘易斯,398n

strong force 强相互作用力,25

Strontium 锶,226,320,354

strontium 90 锶90,27,29,88,248,257,329,402n

Structure S 结构S,342

Studsvik 斯图斯维克,171

submarines,nuclear 潜艇,核,34,42,68,77,99,107,136,241,453n

Supreme Court of the USSR 苏联最高法院,309,314,345

trial of Chernobyl plant operators 审判切尔诺贝利电厂操作人员,314–20

Supreme Soviet 最高苏维埃,174

Sverdlovsk 斯维尔德洛夫斯克,270

Sweden 瑞典,170,331,435n

contamination from Chernobyl 来自切尔诺贝利的污染,170–77,200

Swedish National Defense Research Institute瑞典国防研究院,171

Tarakanov,Nikolai 塔拉卡诺夫,尼古拉,278–80,288–91,321,371

Tashkent 塔什干,10

TASS 塔斯社,174,175,312

telephone 电话:

alert system 报警系统,97

lines cut after accident 事故后线路切断,129,146,148,422n,426n

television 电视,19,52,280,289,292,295,327,333

response to Chernobyl crisis 对切尔诺贝利危机的反应,150,175–79,208–9,215,239–41,250,266,274,311–14,327–30,355

Teller,Edward 特勒,爱德华,399n

tellurium 132 碲132,267

Telyatnikov,Leonid 捷利亚特尼科夫,列昂尼德,104,300,307,319,334,420n

Thatcher,Margaret 撒切尔,玛格丽特,307

thirty-kilometer zone 30公里禁区,186,194,202,208,215,241,249,251–59,301–13,314,328,332–33,352–56,359,364

Thorium 钍,27,358

thorium reactors 钍反应堆,358

Three Mile Island accident 三里岛事故,73–74,191,194,271,331,357

Tishura,Vladimir 季舒拉,弗拉基米尔,236

Tokyo Electric Power Company 东京电力公司,356–57

Tolstoy,Leo 托尔斯泰,列夫,325

Tomsk-7 托木斯克-7,40,120

“too cheap to meter,”“便宜到犯不着查电表”39,398n

Toptunov,Leonid 托图诺夫,列昂尼德,50–57,7 6,79–89,308,410n,412n,413n,414n,445n

death of 之死,238,268,308,318

in Hospital Number Six 在第六医院,223,225,228,231,232,238

rehabilitated reputation of 恢复名誉,349

role in Chernobyl accident 在切尔诺贝利事故中扮演的角色,79–89,92–93,108–10,134,135,149,151,223,225,230,268,317,318,347

Toptunova,Vera 托图诺夫,薇拉,228,230,231,238

Tormozin,Andrei 托尔马钦,安德烈,300,334

Torzhok 托尔若克,153

Tourism 旅游,356,359

toys 玩具,339

trees and forests 树木和树林,23,247,248–49,256–57,312,321,330,353,355,462n,486n

Tregub,Yuri 特列古布,尤里,82–83,86,94–95,98–99

trial of Chernobyl operators 审判切尔诺贝利操作人员,308–9,314–20,345,362,474n,475n,477n

Trinos,Vladimir 特里诺,弗拉基米尔,447n

Tripoli 的黎波里,201

Tritium 氚,41

Troieshchyna 特罗耶希厄纳,306

True Communism 真正的共产主义,13,34,52

Tsar Bomba 沙皇炸弹,1

Tumanov,Alexander 图马诺夫,亚历山大,89–90

Turbine Number Eight 八号涡轮发电机,76,86,99–101

aftermath of explosion 爆炸后果,99–

101,104,106

Explosion 爆炸,88–90

maintenance shutdown 维护停堆,76,80,83–90,117,127

Turbine Number Seven 七号涡轮发电机,95,100

Twenty-Fifth Motorized Rifle Division 第25机械化步兵师,258,353

Ukraine 乌克兰,1–3,7–9,47,48,63–64,76,152,175,181,191,200,208,248,251,258,320,345,353,354,359

government response to Chernobyl accident

政府对切尔诺贝尔事故的反应,111–31,172,182–84,203,208–9,252–53,261–63,332,436n

independence from USSR 脱离苏联独立,333,337

radiation threat to Kiev 基辅的辐射威胁,182–84,194,204,208–10,251–53,326

resettlement of displaced citizens 疏散居民的重新安置,305–6

Ukrainian Academy of Sciences 乌克兰科学院,247,259,329

Ukrainian Communist Party 乌克兰共产党,8,112,182,203,208–9,261,262,274

Ukrainian Criminal Code 乌克兰刑法典,309

Uman 乌曼,344

Unemployment 失业,21

United Nations 联合国,359,360

General Assembly 大会,33

International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy 和平利用原子能国际会议,33

Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation 原子辐射效应科学委员会,359

United States 美国,9,19,45,73,176,200,277,400n

Media 媒体,177,178,179,239,266,274,299,307,312

nuclear industry 核工业,3 1,4 0,61–62,73–74,331,356,357,358,409n

nuclear weapons 核武器,19,26,29–32,33,36,37,201,279,396n

radiation threat to 对美国的辐射威胁,201

response to Chernobyl crisis 对切尔诺贝利危机的回应,177–79,200–201,210,214–15,228–30,232–34,239,266,307

space exploration 太空探索,9,51

Three Mile Island accident 三里岛事故,73–74,191,194,271,331,357

U-2 spy planes,45

Unit One 一号机组,56,58,67,68–70,73,102,109,207,249,281,290,306,321,332,337,468n

back online 重新并网发电,290–91,306

1982 accident 1982年事故,69–70,112

restoration eforts 复原工作,286–91,306

Unit Two 二号机组,56,58,69,73,102,109,134,204,249,281,321,329,332,337,469n,470n

Unit Three 三号机组,56,59,69,73,76,84,90,91,96,101,103,107,128,146,196,203,204,205,211,224,231,243,249,278,281,287,288,290,293,295,306,321,332,337,341,360,419n,420n

back online 重新并网发电,321–22

construction of 建造,56

fires and damage 火灾和损失,101,102,104,108,109,110

restoration eforts 复原工作,286–91

in 2016 在2016年,336–37

Unit Four 四号机组,20,47,49,53–57,59,69,71,73,76,107,410n

aftermath of explosion 爆炸后果,91–110

April 25,5:00 p.m. 4月25日下午5时,46–59

April 25,11:55 p.m. 4月25日晚11时55分,75–90

April 26,1:28 a.m. 4月26日凌晨1时28分,91–110

April 26,1:30 a.m. 4月26日凌晨1时30分,111–31

April 26,6:15 a.m. 4月26日早6时15分,132–51

April 27 4月27日,152–66

casualties 伤亡,89,94,99,101,117,118,122,127,136,179,208–9,220,229,232,235–38,265,268,299–300,312,315,326,334,338

causes of accident 事故原因,153,230,241,261–77,321,346–49,465n

cleanup efforts 清理工作,241–60,278–98,310,332–33

Complex Expedition 综合体探查行动,340–44,364

construction and quality control 建造与质量控制,20,53–57,392n

containment eforts after accident 事故后的围阻工作,128–29,153–56,160–64,166,174,176,179–82,187–99,202–16,241–48,278–98

control room,see Control Room Number Four 控制室,参见四号控制室

core meltdown risk 堆芯熔毁风险,191–95,202–16,244–46

damage reports 损失报告,93–99,118,122–25,155–56,189

design and construction defects 设计和建造缺陷,12–13,19–22,62–74,268–77,286,308,315,317–18,321–22,346–49,408n

explosion 爆炸,87–90

fire 起火,91–110,116,118,123,128,130,143,150,153–56,160–64,174,178,181,189,193–95,202,206,214

generator rundown 发电机降负荷,83–90

on global automatic 处于全面自动化状态,81,413n

global contamination from 来自……的全球污染,169–86,248,260,269,277,327–30,353–54

government response to accident 政府对事故的反应,111–31,138–39,152–66,172–86,192–204,208–9,218–19,239–41,249–54,261–77,306–13,322–31

heat exchanger project 热交换器项目,216,245–46

helicopter bombing operation 直升机空投行动,160–64,166,179–82,187–99,202,204,281,285,341,433n,443n,446n

hospitalization of injured 伤员入院治疗,121,135–36,146–53,157,176,179,184–85,202,219–38,251,262,299–301,315,427n,430n

investigation into accident 事故调查,261–77

liquidation campaign 清理运动,239–60,296,310,332–33,359,471n,475n

maintenance shutdown 维护停堆,75–90 New Safe Confinement 新安全壳,364–66

nuclear safety board of inquiry report on 核安全理事会的调查报告,346–48

operator error explanation 操作人员失误解释,267–75,308–9,314–20,345,346–49,411n,412n,414n

positive void efect 正空泡效应,85–90,268,318,348

power fall 断电,81–83

radiation levels after explosion 爆炸后的辐射水平,105–9,116–18,123–31,136,140–46,153–56,160–64,176,180–84,189–99,207–8,211–15,226,241–60,278–98,300,316,339,352–53,423n,481n

radiation survey flights 辐射调查飞行,140–46,155–56,189,248

Sarcophagus 石棺,250,273,278–98,338–44

underground nitrogen operation 地下充氮行动,195,203,205–6,212–13

water-pumping operation 泵出积水行动,196–99,204–8,210–14

Unit Five 五号机组,17,20,141,143,243,306,337

Unit Six 六号机组,17,141,143,243,306,337

UPI 合众国际社,177,179

Urals 乌拉尔山,44,45,220

Uranium 铀,25–28,29,32,35,37,60,66,88,102,104,110,160,189,198,284,287,297,321,338,340,341,342,344,358,419n

uranium dioxide 二氧化铀,102,153,191,198,212,213,216,342

uranium 235 铀235,26,35

Usatenko,Vladimir 乌萨坚科,弗拉基米尔,294–96,371–72,471n

US-605 US-605建设小分队,280–98,338–44,365

Uzbekistan 乌兹别克斯坦,8,15,274

V. I. Lenin Atomic Energy Station 弗拉基米尔·伊里奇·列宁原子能电站,46

Varennikov,Valentin 瓦连尼科夫,瓦伦丁,246

vegetative-vascular dystonia 植物神经-血管张力障碍,253

Velikhov,Evgeny 韦利霍夫,叶夫根尼,121,185,192–95,198,203,210,214–15,265,372

Vilcha 维利恰,186

Vladivostock 符拉迪沃斯托克,240

VNIIAES 苏联核电运行研究院,130,154 Vodka

伏特加,59,138,147,196,208,209,227,261,294,298,301–2,420n

Vogtle nuclear power plant 弗格特勒核电站,486n

Voice of America 美国之音,208

Volcanoes 火山,189

Volodin,Sergei 沃洛金,谢尔盖,140–42,144–46,334

Voloshko,Vladimir 沃洛什科,弗拉基米尔,418n,426n

Vorobyev,Serafim 沃罗比约夫,谢拉菲姆,105–7,117,418n

Voronin,Vladimir 沃罗宁,弗拉基米尔,468n

Voskovtsev,Nikolai 沃斯科夫采夫,尼古拉,463n

Vremya (TV show) 《时代》,l,19,175,177,239,274,328

VVER 水-水高能反应堆,61–62,77,322,405n,406n

Warsaw 华沙,176

Washington,DC 华盛顿特区,176,230

water-pumping operation 泵出积水行动,196–99,204–8,210–14

water table 地下水位,206

radioactive threat to 对地下水的放射性威胁,191–92,202,244,256–57,402n

water-water reactors 水-水反应堆,38,40,62

White House 白宫,124,129,139,140,152,155,158,161,165,179,309,336

Whittington,Luther 惠廷顿,卢瑟,177,438n

Wilson,Richard,威尔逊,理查德 277

Windscale reactor accident 温德斯凯尔反应堆事故,41,128,399n

wind turbines 风力涡轮机,357,358

World Health Organization (WHO)世界卫生组织(WHO),326,355,359

World War II 第二次世界大战,26,34,209,236,279,294,319,333,364,397n,486n

Xenon 氙,225

xenon 135 氙135,81–83

X-rays X射线,28

leukemia of 患白血病,350–52

radiation burns 辐射烧伤,219–24,237–38,300–301,335

Yuvchenko,Natalia 谢甫琴科,纳塔利娅,47–50,136,146–47,157–58,218,219–24,227,237–38,300–301,303,335,350–52,372,456n

Yakovlev,Alexander 雅科夫列夫,亚历山大,172,436n

Yankovsky,Sergei 扬科夫斯基,谢尔盖,235–36,261–63,265,269–70,372

Yanov 亚诺夫,10

Yanukovych,Viktor 亚努科维奇,维克托,349

Yaroslav 雅罗斯拉夫,480n

Yeltsin,Boris 叶利钦,鲍里斯,266,333,348,436n,464n

Yesenin,Sergei 叶谢宁,谢尔盖,265

Young Pioneers 少年先锋队,139,164,183,209,252,253

Yunost 《青春》杂志,324

Yuvchenko,Alexander 谢甫琴科,亚历山大,47–50,55,59,88,93–95,98–99,135–36,146–47,151,157–58,218,219–24,230,238,303,335,417n,456n,472n

death of 之死,352

in Hospital Number Six 在第六医院,219–24,227,237–38,300–301,335,352

Zakharov,Anatoly 扎哈罗夫,阿纳托利,91–92,95

Zaporizhia 扎波罗热,305

Zborovsky,Piotr “Moose,”兹博罗夫斯基,彼得“驼鹿”195–99,204–8,212,342,372,446n

Zelenyi Svit 绿色世界,329

Zeleny Mys 泽廖内角,303

Zgursky,Valentin 辜斯基,瓦伦丁,182,184,441n

zheks 房管局,149

Zhitomir日托米尔,181,329

zinc 65 锌65,70

Zirconium 锆,12,60,68,70,87,88,153,191,193,287,338,340,342,344

Zone of Exclusion and the Zone of Unconditional(Mandatory)Resettlement 隔离区和无条件(强制性)重新安置区,353

上一章 封面 书架 已读完